Phenolische Verbindungen

Sticher, Otto

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-34281-6_26

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…In the early 1970 s, Taxol was identified in the bark of the Pacific yew ( Taxus brevifolia Nutt., Taxaceae), and its sterically complex structure was elucidated 6 . Taxol binds to tubulin and disrupts the formation of the spindle apparatus, making it a mitosis inhibitor, which is why it is used as an effective pharmacological agent against cell growth in various cancers, in particular, ovarian and breast cancer 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 . The mechanism of action was decisively clarified in 1979 by a research team led by Susan Band Horwitz 12 .…”

Section: The History Of Taxol As a Drugmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 ) and (in the main) 10-deacetylbaccatin III ( Fig. 3 ) 7 , 32 or from cell cultures created from meristematic cells of the yew cambium 7 , 8 , 9 . In principle, it seems that there are no longer any fundamental problems in meeting the demand for this proven anti-cancer drug, although this is sometimes assessed differently 33 , 34 , 35 .…”

Section: The History Of Taxol As a Drugmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paclitaxel – a Product of Fungal Secondary Metabolism or an Artefact?#

Gärditz,

Czesnick

2024

Planta Med

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Taxol (common name: paclitaxel) is an extremely important component of drugs for the treatment of various cancers. Thirty years after the discovery of its effectiveness, a metabolic precursor of Taxol (10-deacetylbaccatin III) is still primarily extracted from needles of European yew trees. In order to meet the considerable demand, hopes were pinned on the possibilities of biotechnological production from the very beginning. In 1993, as if by chance, Taxol was supposedly discovered in fungi that grow endobiotically in yew trees. This finding aroused hopes of biotechnological use to produce fungal Taxol in large quantities in fermenters. It never came to that. Instead, a confusing flood of publications emerged that claimed to have detected Taxol in more and more eukaryotic and even prokaryotic species. However, researchers never reproduced these rather puzzling results, and they could certainly not be applied on an industrial scale. This paper will show that some of the misguided approaches were apparently based on a seemingly careless handling of sparse evidence and on at least questionable publications. Apparently, the desired gold rush of commercial exploitation was seductive. Scientific skepticism as an indispensable core of good scientific practice was often neglected, and the peer review process has not exerted its corrective effect. Self-critical reflection and more healthy skepticism could help to reduce the risk of such aberrations in drug development. This article uses this case study as a striking example to show what can be learned from the Taxol case in terms of research ethics and the avoidance of questionable research practices.

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Section: The History Of Taxol As a Drugmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The History Of Taxol As a Drugmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclitaxel – a Product of Fungal Secondary Metabolism or an Artefact?#

Gärditz,

Czesnick

2024

Planta Med

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“…monograph Ginkgonis extractum siccum raffinatum et quantificatum (5). The composition of this extract, in general, corresponds to patented, so-called special extracts EGb 761 and LI 1370 2 (18). Extract EGb 761 was patented by German pharmaceutical company Dr. Willmar Schwabe, in cooperation with French pharmaceutical company Beaufour-IPSEN, and LI 1370 by another German pharmaceutical company Lichtwer Pharma (13,19).…”

Section: Pharmaceutical Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbal medicines from ginkgo leaf extract in the treatment of mild dementia

Petrović¹,

Ušjak²

2020

Arhiv za farmaciju

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According to current EU monograph of the Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products of European Medicines Agency (EMA/HMPC) for ginkgo leaf, Ginkgonis folium (Ginkgo biloba, Ginkgoaceae), herbal medicines prepared from refined and quantified dry extract of ginkgo leaf are used for the improvement of (age-associated) cognitive impairment and of quality of life in mild dementia. It was demonstrated in clinical trials that long-term use of the extract is effective mainly in patients more than 50 years old. The precise mode of action is not known. According to Ph. Eur., the extract should contain 22.0-27.0% of flavonoids, 2.8-3.4% of ginkgolides A, B and C, and 2.6-3.2% of bilobalide, which are active constituents, and maximum 5 ppm of ginkgolic acids, which are potential allergens. These herbal medicines are characterized by corresponding posology, duration of use, contraindications, special warnings, and precautions for use, interactions and possible undesirable reactions.

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“…They find widespread application in the medicine and pharmaceutical industry. On the other hand, furanocoumarins, which represent a subclass of coumarins, were also studied due to their photosensitizing properties, with the potential to cause photodermatitis . Nevertheless, naturally occurring concentrations of coumarin derivatives in plants are generally regarded as no risk for human health. , Lately, coumarins and psolarens also became prominent as marker substances for the authenticity assessment of lime and lemon juices .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory Impact of Novel Dihydrocoumarins in Native Lime Oils

Schulze,

Schäfer,

Zygalski

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Citrus fruits have been known and valued for their aroma in food and perfume ever since humans have maintained written records. Often described as the "champagne" of citrus oils, especially cold pressed lime peel oils have raised attention. Particularly peel oils of Citrus latifolia exhibit a pleasant coumarinic, sweet, and balsamic aroma in comparison to its close relative, the Citrus aurantifolia. Those coumarinic notes have not been completely understood until today. Thus, this study aimed to identify the responsible substances and elucidate their contribution and impact on the aroma of cold-pressed lime oil. By combining distillation, fractionation, olfactory detection, and structure elucidation, the responsible key aroma components were identified. A combination of coumarins and their corresponding saturated analogs have been identified to significantly contribute to the typical coumarinic-like aroma, including three new flavor compounds that have not yet been described in the literature as lime oil constituents: 7-methoxy-2-chromanone (3,4-dihydro-7-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one; CAS 20921-02-2), 5,7-dimethoxy-2chromanone (3,4-dihydro-5,7-dimethoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one; CAS 82243-01-4) and 5,6-dihydrobergaptene (5,6-dihydro-4methoxy-7H-furo[3,2-g][1]benzopyran-7-one; CAS 29050-61-1). The sensorial evaluation of the impact of these components on the lime aroma profile has shown flavor-modulating effects and the ability to enhance aldehydic-peely, juicy, and fruity notes as well as their importance in reproducing the authentic, typical coumarin-like notes.

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Phenolische Verbindungen

Cited by 5 publications

References 190 publications

Paclitaxel – a Product of Fungal Secondary Metabolism or an Artefact?#

Paclitaxel – a Product of Fungal Secondary Metabolism or an Artefact?#

Herbal medicines from ginkgo leaf extract in the treatment of mild dementia

Sensory Impact of Novel Dihydrocoumarins in Native Lime Oils

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