Phenolic-resin-derived activated carbons

Tennison, S.R.

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(98)00186-0

Cited by 163 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As can be seen from the profile of mass loss, the carbon contains negligible ash content, as expected for a resin-derived activated carbon. Two main stages can be clearly differentiated in the curves: the first between 700 and 940 K and the second from 940 to 1100 K. This can be explained by the presence of two types of carbon in the raw sample that present different reactivity towards oxygen, as proposed in previous studies from other authors [38]. Table 1 summarises the textural parameters of the studied samples and illustrates the effect of the oxidation techniques on the textural properties compared to the original carbon, M. The carbons are essentially microporous (micropore volume represents nearly 90% of total pore volume).…”

Section: Properties Of the Original Carbon Msupporting

confidence: 63%

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Influence of oxidation upon the CO2 capture performance of a phenolic-resin-derived carbon

Plaza¹,

Thurecht²,

Pevida³

et al. 2013

Fuel Processing Technology

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The effect of oxidation upon the CO 2 capture performance has been studied taking a phenolic resin carbon as the base material. Oxygen surface groups were introduced through liquid and gas phase oxidation treatments, using ammonium persulfate, nitric acid and air, respectively.The surface chemistry of the final carbon is strongly affected by the type of oxidation treatment: liquid phase oxidation introduces a greater amount of oxygen, mostly as carboxylic groups; these are absent in the gas phase oxidised sample that contains mainly ether and carbonyl functionalities. The porous texture of the samples is also affected by the oxidation treatment: through liquid phase oxidation the pore volume is somewhat reduced, while this is slightly developed by air treatment at 693 K. Despite the reduction in the porous volume and the acidic surface, liquid-phase oxidised samples present greater CO 2 adsorption capacity than the starting carbon due to Lewis acid-base interactions with the CO 2 molecule.Moreover: oxidised samples are easily regenerated, and observed heats of adsorption are † Corresponding Author: Tel : +34 985 119090; E-mail address: frubiera@incar.csic.es. (F. Rubiera) 2 typical from physisorption processes, which will facilitate the adsorbent regeneration in cyclic adsorption processes. Oxidation is therefore proposed as a plausible modification technique for developing easy-to-regenerate carbon adsorbents with enhanced CO 2 capture performance.

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Section: Properties Of the Original Carbon Msupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Oxidised carbons were produced by modifying a spherical phenolic-resin-derived activated carbon supplied by MAST Carbon Ltd. [38], from now on referred as M. This was used as the base material for which different oxidation treatments were compared.…”

Section: Oxidation Of Activated Carbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of oxidation upon the CO2 capture performance of a phenolic-resin-derived carbon

Plaza¹,

Thurecht²,

Pevida³

et al. 2013

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…Phenolic resins constitute a family of low-cost polymers, one of the most common being those produced from phenol and formaldehyde [7]. Phenolic resin-based activated carbons offer further advantages in that they can be produced in a wide variety of physical forms (e.g., granular or extruded, as fibres or as monolithic structures), they allow a close control of porosity, and they have a very low level of impurities and a good physical strength [7][8][9]. Furthermore, biomass residues, such as olive stones, are a low-cost and relatively abundant byproduct that can be used as a feedstock for the production of microporous activated carbons [10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response surface methodology as an efficient tool for optimizing carbon adsorbents for CO2 capture

Gil

Martinez

García

et al. 2013

Fuel Processing Technology

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Phenol-formaldehyde resins and a low-cost biomass residue, olive stones (OS), were used to prepare five activated carbons for CO 2 separation at atmospheric pressure, i.e., in post-combustion processes or from biogas and bio-hydrogen streams. Two phenolformaldehyde resins were synthesized: Resol, obtained by using alkaline environment, and Novolac, synthesized in the presence of an acid catalyst. Carbon precursors were prepared by mixing both resins with KCl or by mixing the Novolac resin with OS. The precursors were carbonized under an inert atmosphere of N 2 at different temperatures.The last stage in the synthesis of the adsorbents involved physical activation with carbon dioxide, which was carried out at different temperatures and burn-off degrees.Response surface methodology (RSM) is proposed as a tool for rapidly optimizing the activation parameters in order to obtain the highest possible CO 2 capture capacity of activated carbons. The optimum values of activation temperature and burn-off degree that maximize CO 2 uptake by the activated carbons at 35 ºC and atmospheric pressure were obtained within the experimental region. A value of CO 2 adsorption capacity of 9.3 wt.% was achieved. Activated carbons derived from Novolac phenol-formaldehyde * Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 985 119 090; Fax: +34 985 297 662 E-mail address: cpevida@incar.csic.es (C. Pevida) 2 resin type and from OS showed great potential as adsorbents for CO 2 capture at atmospheric pressure.

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“…Phenolic resins have been shown to be very flexible precursors to high-purity carbons, allowing the production of carbon materials with a wide range of pore structures [3,4]. Phenolic resin-derived AC fibres have been reported as a promising electrode material for high-performance electrochemical supercapacitors [5,6], due to its high specific area with micro and meso-pores interconnected throughout the whole carbon bulk [7], which ensure free access of charged ions to all the surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic carbon cloth-based electric double-layer capacitors with conductive interlayers and graphene coating

et al. 2015

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Phenolic resin-derived activated carbon (AC) cloths are used as electrodes for large-scale electric doublelayer capacitors or supercapacitors. To increase the energy and power density of the supercapacitor, the contact resistance between the carbon cloth and the aluminium foil current collector is reduced by modifying the Al current collectors. Different modified Al current collectors, including Toyal-Carbo Ò (surface-modified Al), DAG Ò (deflocculated Acheson TM graphite) coating and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) coating, have been tested and compared. The use of modified Al current collectors are shown to greatly reduce the contact resistance between the AC cloth and the Al foil. Another solution investigated in this study is to coat AC cloth with graphene through electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The graphene coated AC cloth is shown increased the capacitance and greatly reduced internal resistance.Graphical Abstract

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Phenolic-resin-derived activated carbons

Cited by 163 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of oxidation upon the CO2 capture performance of a phenolic-resin-derived carbon

Influence of oxidation upon the CO2 capture performance of a phenolic-resin-derived carbon

Response surface methodology as an efficient tool for optimizing carbon adsorbents for CO2 capture

Phenolic carbon cloth-based electric double-layer capacitors with conductive interlayers and graphene coating

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