Phenolic Profiles, Antioxidant Activity and Phenotypic Characterization of Lonicera caerulea L. Berries, Cultivated in Lithuania

Abstract

Lonicera caerulea L. is an early fruit-bearing plant that originates from harsh environments. Raw materials contain a body of different phenolic origin compounds that determine the multidirectional antioxidant and pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the phenolic composition, antioxidant capacities, vegetative, pomological, and sensory properties and their interrelations of selected L. caerulea cultivars, namely ‘Amphora’, ‘Wojtek’, ‘Iga’, ’Leningradskij Velikan’, ‘Nimfa’, ‘Indigo Gem’, ‘Tundra’, ‘Tola’, and fruit powders. Combined chromatographic systems were applied for the qualitative and quantitative profiling of 23 constituents belonging to the classes of anthocyanins, flavonols, flavones, proanthocyanidins, and phenolic acids. The determined markers of phytochemical profiles were cyanidin-3-glucoside, rutin, chlorogenic, and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid. Anthocyanins and the predominant compound, cyanidin-3-glucoside, were the determinants of antioxidant activity. Cultivars ‘Amphora’, ‘Indigo Gem’, and ‘Tundra’ contained the greatest total amounts of identified phenolic compounds. Phenotypic characterization revealed the superiority of cultivars ‘Wojtek’ and ’Tundra’ compared to other cultivars, although ’Wojtek’ had low phenolic content and antioxidant activity and ’Tundra’ got lower sensory evaluation scores. Coupling the results of phenotypic and phytochemical characterization, cultivar ‘Tundra’ could be suitable for commercial plantations.

Anti-Sarcopenic Obesity Effects of Lonicera caerulea Extract in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice

“…To determine C3G contents in raw HB and HB extract, HPLC analysis was performed. The main indicator and functional compound of HB extract is C3G, one of the anthocyanin HB [24]. As shown in Figure 2, the C3G content of HB extract was approximately three times higher than that of raw HB (11.12 mg/g and 3.20 mg/g, respectively).…”

“…Its yield was 25.6%. HPLC analysis was performed to measure the content of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G), an anthocyanin mainly contained in HB [24], using a previously reported method [25] with slight modifications. Briefly, raw HB and HB extract were subjected to ultrasonic-extraction with 70% MeOH containing 0.1% formic acid for 10 min and then filtered with a 0.2 µm syringe filter.…”

“…HB is rich in nutritional and bioactive components, mainly anthocyanins, flavanols, and phenolic acid [17][18][19]22,23]. Due to its rich nutritional components, HB has been reported to be one of the most economically important species belonging to genus Lonicera L. [24]. Although a number of studies have reported that HB has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, studies regarding its effect on sarcopenic obesity have not been reported to our best knowledge.…”

Sea Buckthorn Leaf Powders: The Impact of Cultivar and Drying Mode on Antioxidant, Phytochemical, and Chromatic Profile of Valuable Resource

“…The ABTS assay was performed, as described by Re et al, 1999 [ 61 ], with some modifications, according to Raudone et al [ 62 ]. The ferric reducing activity (FRAP) was determined, according to the method of Benzie and Strain (1996) [ 63 ], with some modifications, according to Raudone et al [ 62 ].…”

“…The ABTS assay was performed, as described by Re et al, 1999 [ 61 ], with some modifications, according to Raudone et al [ 62 ]. The ferric reducing activity (FRAP) was determined, according to the method of Benzie and Strain (1996) [ 63 ], with some modifications, according to Raudone et al [ 62 ]. All antioxidant activity measurements and calculations were performed using Trolox calibration curves and were expressed as µmol of the Trolox equivalent (TE) per one gram of dry weight, according to our previous research [ 62 ].…”