Phenolic Profile and Susceptibility to Fusarium Infection of Pigmented Maize Cultivars

Bernardi, Jamila; Stagnati, Lorenzo; Lucini, Luigi; Rocchetti, Gabriele; Lanubile, Alessandra; Cortellini, Carolina; Poli, Giovanni; Busconi, Matteo; Marocco, Adriano

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01189

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Occurrence of DON at significantly higher concentration in the western region could be explained by high mycotoxins production potentials of Fusarium fungi in warmer climates as reported by [84]. The higher DON concentration in yellow maize than the white maize could be due to variation in localization of pigments in yellow maize kernel, which might have a prominent role in the actual degree of resistance to Fusarium infection/mycotoxin accumulation [91]. AR-agriculture region, ER-eastern region, WR-western region, Qty-percentage quantified, <LOD-percentage below limit of detection, <LOQ-percentage below limit of quantification, YM-yellow maize, WM-white maize, LSD-least significant difference, SD-standard deviation.…”

Section: Agricultural Region and Maize Type On Fusarium Mycotoxin Dismentioning

confidence: 77%

Variation of Fusarium Free, Masked, and Emerging Mycotoxin Metabolites in Maize from Agriculture Regions of South Africa

Ekwomadu

Dada

Nleya

et al. 2020

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The presence of mycotoxins in cereal grain is a very important food safety issue with the occurrence of masked mycotoxins extensively investigated in recent years. This study investigated the variation of different Fusarium metabolites (including the related regulated, masked, and emerging mycotoxin) in maize from various agriculture regions of South Africa. The relationship between the maize producing regions, the maize type, as well as the mycotoxins was established. A total of 123 maize samples was analyzed by a LC-MS/MS multi-mycotoxin method. The results revealed that all maize types exhibited a mixture of free, masked, and emerging mycotoxins contamination across the regions with an average of 5 and up to 24 out of 42 investigated Fusarium mycotoxins, including 1 to 3 masked forms at the same time. Data obtained show that fumonisin B 1, B 2, B 3, B 4 , and A 1 were the most prevalent mycotoxins and had maximum contamination levels of 8908, 3383, 990, 1014, and 51.5 µg/kg, respectively. Deoxynivalenol occurred in 50% of the samples with a mean concentration of 152 µg/kg (max 1380 µg/kg). Thirty-three percent of the samples were contaminated with zearalenone at a mean concentration of 13.6 µg/kg (max 146 µg/kg). Of the masked mycotoxins, DON-3-glucoside occurred at a high incidence level of 53%. Among emerging toxins, moniliformin, fusarinolic acid, and beauvericin showed high occurrences at 98%, 98%, and 83%, and had maximum contamination levels of 1130, 3422, and 142 µg/kg, respectively. Significant differences in the contamination pattern were observed between the agricultural regions and maize types.

show abstract

Section: Agricultural Region and Maize Type On Fusarium Mycotoxin Dismentioning

confidence: 77%

Variation of Fusarium Free, Masked, and Emerging Mycotoxin Metabolites in Maize from Agriculture Regions of South Africa

Ekwomadu

Dada

Nleya

et al. 2020

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Kernels were inoculated on the embryo side near the pedicel with 100 μl of 1x10 6 conidial suspension of F. verticillioides ITEM10027 (MPVP 294) and sterilized distilled water for treated and control towels, respectively. Incubation was performed for 7 days in the dark at 25°C as previously reported (Bernardi et al 2018;Stagnati et al 2019).…”

Section: Maize Germplasm Kernel Inoculation and Phenotypingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Genome-Wide Association Study To Understand the Effect of Fusarium verticillioides Infection on Seedlings of a Maize Diversity Panel

Stagnati

Rahjoo

Samayoa

et al. 2020

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium verticillioides, which causes ear, kernel and stem rots, has been reported as the most prevalent species on maize worldwide. Kernel infection by F. verticillioides results in reduced seed yield and quality as well as fumonisin contamination, and may affect seedling traits like germination rate, entire plant seedling length and weight. Maize resistance to Fusarium is a quantitative and complex trait controlled by numerous genes with small effects. In the present work, a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) of traits related to Fusarium seedling rot was carried out in 230 lines of a maize association population using 226,446 SNP markers. Phenotypes were scored on artificially infected kernels applying the rolled towel assay screening method and three traits related to disease response were measured in inoculated and not-inoculated seedlings: plant seedling length (PL), plant seedling weight (PW) and germination rate (GERM). Overall, GWAS resulted in 42 SNPs significantly associated with the examined traits. Two and eleven SNPs were associated with PL in inoculated and not-inoculated samples, respectively. Additionally, six and one SNPs were associated with PW and GERM traits in not-inoculated kernels, and further nine and thirteen SNPs were associated to the same traits in inoculated kernels. Five genes containing the significant SNPs or physically closed to them were proposed for Fusarium resistance, and 18 out of 25 genes containing or adjacent to significant SNPs identified by GWAS in the current research co-localized within QTL regions previously reported for resistance to Fusarium seed rot, Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin accumulation. Furthermore, linkage disequilibrium analysis revealed an additional gene not directly observed by GWAS analysis. These findings could aid to better understand the complex interaction between maize and F. verticillioides.

show abstract

“…Preliminary data had shown the role of phlobaphenes and other flavonoids accumulated in maize pericarp on the reduction of fungal ear rot and fumonisins accumulation 15,33 . The phlobaphenes and other secondary metabolites are accumulated in many ancient landraces traditionally cultivated in the Padana Plane and in mountainous regions of Northern Italy 29,33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins

Landoni

Puglisi

Cassani

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

phlobaphenes are insoluble phenolic compounds which are accumulated in a limited number of tissues such as seed pericarp and cob glumes, conferring on them a typical red-brown pigmentation. These secondary metabolites, derived from 3-deoxy flavonoids, are thought to have an important role in plants' resistance against various pathogens, e.g. by reducing fungal infection, and also to have beneficial effects on human and animal health due to their high antioxidant power. The aim of this work was to determine the role of phlobaphenes in reducing mycotoxin contamination on maize kernels. We analysed the effect of the P1 (pericarp color 1) gene on phlobaphenes accumulation, pericarp thickness and fumonisins accumulation. Analysing fumonisins accumulation in different genetic backgrounds through three seasons, we found a clear decrease of these toxins through the three years (Wilcoxon test, Z = 2.2, p = 0.0277) in coloured lines compared with the isogenic non-coloured ones. The coloured lines, carrying P1 allele showed an increase of phlobaphenes (about 10-14 fold) with respect to colourless lines. Furthermore there was a correlation between phlobaphenes accumulation and pericarp thickness (R = 0.9318; p = 0.0067). Taken together, these results suggest that the P1 gene plays a central role in regulating phlobaphenes accumulation in maize kernels, and indirectly, also tackles mycotoxins accumulation. The development and cultivation of corn varieties rich in phlobaphenes could be a powerful tool to reduce the loss of both quality and yield due to mycotoxin contamination, increasing the safety and the quality of the maize product.

show abstract

Phenolic Profile and Susceptibility to Fusarium Infection of Pigmented Maize Cultivars

Cited by 38 publications

References 33 publications

Variation of Fusarium Free, Masked, and Emerging Mycotoxin Metabolites in Maize from Agriculture Regions of South Africa

Variation of Fusarium Free, Masked, and Emerging Mycotoxin Metabolites in Maize from Agriculture Regions of South Africa

A Genome-Wide Association Study To Understand the Effect of Fusarium verticillioides Infection on Seedlings of a Maize Diversity Panel

Phlobaphenes modify pericarp thickness in maize and accumulation of the fumonisin mycotoxins

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About