Phenolic profile and biological activities of extracts of Matricaria chamomilla L. from the Western Algeria

Abstract

This work aims to a detailed study of the different biological activities of two extracts, ethanolic and aqueous extract, obtained from the aerial part of Matricaria chamomilla L. grown North West Algerian. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. HPLC was used to determine the quantity of phenolic compounds in these extracts. The results showed that the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities were higher in the Aqueous Extract (AEC) in comparison with the ethanolic extract of chamomile. The AEC contained chlorogenic acid with a greater amount of other ingredients (2.45 mg/g). This plant had an antioxidant activity with IC50 values equal to 65.199 ?g/ml for AEC and 102.90 ?g/ml for the EEC. The AEC had an antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans with a diameter of inhibition zone equal to 16.33 and 15.66 mm, respectively. Matricaria chamomilla was practically nontoxic with a median lethal dose (LD50) equal to 3800 mg/kg of EEC and superior to 5000 mg/kg of AEC). The Carrageenan method was used in the test of the anti-inflammatory activity which gave the best inhibition of edema, 86.30% at (100 mg/kg) after 6h of induced Carrageenan.