Phenolic content and growth of wetland macrophytes: Is the allocation to secondary compounds driven by nutrient availability?

Rejmánková, Eliška

doi:10.1007/s12224-015-9227-7

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“… 44 , 51 − 53 In salt marshes, low TYR activity as a consequence of oxygen scarcity has been reported as well. 54 , 55 Additionally, Rejmánková et al 56 investigated the concentrations of phenolic compounds in tropical and subtropical marshes, while Březinová et al 57 investigated phenolic compounds produced as secondary metabolites by wetland-specific vegetation in Europe. Both authors determined that high levels of phenolic compounds are present in the respective ecosystems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Novel Role of Tyrosinase Enzymes in the Storage of Globally Significant Amounts of Carbon in Wetland Ecosystems

Panis

Rompel

2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Over the last millennia, wetlands have been sequestering carbon from the atmosphere via photosynthesis at a higher rate than releasing it and, therefore, have globally accumulated 550 × 10 15 g of carbon, which is equivalent to 73% of the atmospheric carbon pool. The accumulation of organic carbon in wetlands is effectuated by phenolic compounds, which suppress the degradation of soil organic matter by inhibiting the activity of organic-matter-degrading enzymes. The enzymatic removal of phenolic compounds by bacterial tyrosinases has historically been blocked by anoxic conditions in wetland soils, resulting from waterlogging. Bacterial tyrosinases are a subgroup of oxidoreductases that oxidatively remove phenolic compounds, coupled to the reduction of molecular oxygen to water. The biochemical properties of bacterial tyrosinases have been investigated thoroughly in vitro within recent decades, while investigations focused on carbon fluxes in wetlands on a macroscopic level have remained a thriving yet separated research area so far. In the wake of climate change, however, anoxic conditions in wetland soils are threatened by reduced rainfall and prolonged summer drought. This potentially allows tyrosinase enzymes to reduce the concentration of phenolic compounds, which in turn will increase the release of stored carbon back into the atmosphere. To offer compelling evidence for the novel concept that bacterial tyrosinases are among the key enzymes influencing carbon cycling in wetland ecosystems first, bacterial organisms indigenous to wetland ecosystems that harbor a TYR gene within their respective genome ( tyr + ) have been identified, which revealed a phylogenetically diverse community of tyr + bacteria indigenous to wetlands based on genomic sequencing data. Bacterial TYR host organisms covering seven phyla (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Nitrospirae, Planctomycetes, and Proteobacteria) have been identified within various wetland ecosystems (peatlands, marshes, mangrove forests, bogs, and alkaline soda lakes) which cover a climatic continuum ranging from high arctic to tropic ecosystems. Second, it is demonstrated that (in vitro) bacterial TYR activity is commonly observed at pH values characteristic for wetland ecosystems (ranging from pH 3.5 in peatlands and freshwater swamps to pH 9.0 in soda lakes and freshwater marshes) and toward phenolic compounds naturally present within wetland environments ( p -coumaric acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, p -hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, and epicatechin). Third, analyzing the available data confirmed that bacterial host organisms tend to exhibit in vitro growth optima at pH values similar to their respective wetland habitats. Based on these findings, it is concluded that, following increased aeration of previously anoxic wetland soils due to climate change, TYRs are among th...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Novel Role of Tyrosinase Enzymes in the Storage of Globally Significant Amounts of Carbon in Wetland Ecosystems

Panis

Rompel

2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…The majority of meadows in the Sierra Nevada have very low dissolved ion and nutrient concentrations due to the dominance of silica‐rich low‐metal‐content granodiorite bedrock (Wolf & Cooper ). Low nutrient status can lead to higher in‐situ production of phenolics by wetland plants (Rejmánková ). Additionally, the presence of phenolics deactivates hydrolytic enzymes that break down soil organic matter (Ximenes et al ), an important source of plant nutrients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood chip soil amendments in restored wetlands affect plant growth by reducing compaction and increasing dissolved phenolics

Wolf

Rejmánková

Cooper

2019

Restoration Ecology

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Adding chipped wood to soil ameliorates compaction, allowing faster plant growth that is critical to successful wetland restorations. Following the filling and planting of an erosion gully in Halstead Meadow, Sequoia National Park, the tallest leaf height and maximum clone width of transplanted Scirpus microcarpus seedlings were negatively correlated with soil compaction. Plant height decreased by 9.8 cm and width decreased by 11.9 cm per MPa of soil compaction (range of 0.74–4.50 MPa). We experimentally amended mineral soil in a test trench and found that every 0.10 cm3/cm3 addition of wood chips (range of 0.00–0.75 cm3/cm3) reduced compaction by 0.174 MPa. Had the Halstead Meadow gully fill contained an equivalent volume of wood chips to the reference area soil organic matter content (0.64 cm3/cm3), we predict compaction would have been reduced by 1.11 MPa, increasing individual transplant width spread by 36%, approximately doubling the vegetated area after two growing seasons. In a greenhouse phytometer experiment, conifer bark leachate (phenolics 211 mg/L) significantly reduced plant growth and, in the presence of added nutrients, increased the production of the enzyme polyphenol oxidase (PPO). However, phenolics concentration in bark‐free conifer wood leachate (12 mg/L), similar to field‐sampled concentrations, did not affect plant growth or PPO production. Pure conifer bark is not recommended as a soil amendment, but the addition of low‐bark‐content wood chips to gully fill may be a feasible and effective means of reducing soil compaction, accelerating plant establishment, and lowering wetland restoration project costs.

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Section: Pca and Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Regarding N, its supplementation has been negatively associated with the phenolic composition of plant tissues in several crops [49,50], and associated with plant growth particularly in sensitive species to soil N availability [51]. In accordance with the protein competition model (PCM), since phenols and proteins compete for a common precursor, conditions that increase plant growth may reduce the concentration of total phenols [51]. Phenols are secondary metabolites synthesized through the shikimate pathway in which the amino acid phenylalanine is released, and this amino acid is a common precursor of phenylpropanoids and protein synthesis [35,51].…”

Section: Pca and Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with the protein competition model (PCM), since phenols and proteins compete for a common precursor, conditions that increase plant growth may reduce the concentration of total phenols [51]. Phenols are secondary metabolites synthesized through the shikimate pathway in which the amino acid phenylalanine is released, and this amino acid is a common precursor of phenylpropanoids and protein synthesis [35,51].…”

Section: Pca and Correlation Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Phenolic Composition of Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Was Highly Influenced by Cultivar and Year and Little by Soil Liming or Foliar Spray Rich in Nutrients or Algae

et al. 2022

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The interest in expanding the production of hops outside the traditional cultivation regions, mainly motivated by the growth of the craft brewery business, justifies the intensification of studies into its adaptation to local growing conditions. In this study, four field trials were undertaken on a twenty-year-old hop garden, over periods of up to three years to assess the effect of important agro-environmental variation factors on hop phenol and phenolic composition and to establish its relationship with the elemental composition of hop cones. All the field trials were arranged as factorial designs exploring the combined effect of: (1) plots of different vigour plants × year; (2) plots of different plant vigor × algae- and nutrient-rich foliar sprays × year; (3) plot × liming × year; and (4) cultivars (Nugget, Cascade, Columbus) × year. Total phenols in hops, were significantly influenced by most of the experimental factors. Foliar spraying and liming were the factors that least influenced the measured variables. The year had the greatest effect on the accumulation of total phenols in hop cones in the different trials and may have contributed to interactions that often occurred between the factors under study. The year average for total phenol concentrations in hop cones ranged from 11.9 mg g−1 to 21.2 mg g−1. Significant differences in quantity and composition of phenolic compounds in hop cones were also found between cultivars. The phenolic compounds identified were mainly flavonols (quercetin and kaempferol glycosides) and phenolic carboxylic acids (p-coumaric and caffeic acids).

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Phenolic content and growth of wetland macrophytes: Is the allocation to secondary compounds driven by nutrient availability?

Cited by 6 publications

References 51 publications

The Novel Role of Tyrosinase Enzymes in the Storage of Globally Significant Amounts of Carbon in Wetland Ecosystems

The Novel Role of Tyrosinase Enzymes in the Storage of Globally Significant Amounts of Carbon in Wetland Ecosystems

Wood chip soil amendments in restored wetlands affect plant growth by reducing compaction and increasing dissolved phenolics

The Phenolic Composition of Hops (Humulus lupulus L.) Was Highly Influenced by Cultivar and Year and Little by Soil Liming or Foliar Spray Rich in Nutrients or Algae

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