Phenolic constituents of Semecarpus anacardium

Rao, N. Someswara; Row, L. Ramachandra; Brown, Richard T.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)84463-5

Cited by 62 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Cell proliferation as assessed by measuring DNA synthesis showed inhibition by the plant preparations and ( Hambree et al, 1978) and in COLO-320, a human colorectal carcinoma cell line (Smit et al, 1995). Ayurvedic preparation of the nut oil contains terpenoid and several flavonoids (Prakasa Rao et al, 1973;Gedam et al, 1974;Ishatulla et al, 1977;Murthy, 1985;Rastogi and Mehrotra, 1991). It is noteworthy that diverse phenolics including flavonoids possess a cancer chemopreventive property (Huang and Ferraro, 1992;Ferguson, 1994;Starvic, 1994;Surh, 1998) and exert tumoricidal effects against various human tumour cell lines (Silva et al, 1995;Sun et al, 1997;Taraphdar et al, 2001;Roy et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic effect of root extract of Tiliacora racemosa and oil of Semecarpus anacardium nut in human tumour cells

Chakraborty

Roy

Taraphdar

et al. 2004

Phytotherapy Research

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Tiliacora racemosa and Semecarpus anacardium, the two plants frequently used in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of cancerous diseases, have been selected to examine their action in four human tumour cell lines: acute myeloblastic leukaemia (HL-60), chronic myelogenic leukaemia (K-562), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and cervical epithelial carcinoma (HeLa). In cells grown in appropriate media the ethanol extract of T. racemosa root, the total alkaloids isolated from this organ and S. anacardium nut oil prepared according to the Ayurvedic principle were found to have cytotoxic activity. The alkaloid fraction from T. racemosa had maximum cytotoxicity and was effective against all four cell lines. S. anacardium oil was cytotoxic only in leukaemic cells. These herbal preparations were not cytotoxic towards normal human lymphocytes, suggesting their action is specific for tumour cells. On microscopic examination the cells treated with these agents exhibited characteristic morphological features of apoptosis, such as cell shrinkage, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Fluorescent staining with propidium iodide revealed distinct chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. The apoptotic index paralleled the cytotoxic parameters, and fragmented DNA extracted free of genomic DNA from treated cells displayed a typical ladder pattern on gel electrophoresis. Apoptosis induced by alkaloids and phenolics, the active principles present in T. racemosa and S. anacardium, respectively, was found to be mediated by the activation of caspases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic effect of root extract of Tiliacora racemosa and oil of Semecarpus anacardium nut in human tumour cells

Chakraborty

Roy

Taraphdar

et al. 2004

Phytotherapy Research

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“…The plant provides a potent source of drugs against a variety of ailments such as leprosy, rheumatoid arthritis, piles, asthma, cough, neurological disorders and sexually transmitted diseases (Nadkarni 1976). The nut of Semecarpus contains a number of alkaloids, flavonoids, biflavonoids and other compounds (Rao et al 1973;Ishratulla et al 1977;Premalatha 2000). The resinous liquid from the nut is used in many industrial applications such as lacquers, varnishes, enamels, tanning materials and ion exchange resins (Anonymous 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro regeneration of Semecarpus anacardium L. from axenic seedling-derived nodal explants

Panda

Hazra

2010

Trees

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Semecarpus anacardium (Anacardiaceae), a deciduous forest tree, is a potent source of medicinal compounds. Poor seed viability of this species limits the conventional propagation practice. Proliferation of shoots from axillary meristem was achieved in semisolid WPM medium supplemented with BAP 4.44 lM and KN 4.64 lM. Factors including culture vessels, gelling agents and antioxidants were identified and optimized for proliferation and growth of shoots in vitro. Cotton-plugged culture vessels were more favorable. Phytagel 0.2% as gelling agent and activated charcoal 0.2% as antioxidant were superior to other agents and antioxidants tested. All the shoots rooted in half-strength WPM liquid medium with IBA 2.46 lM. Rooted shoots survived (91%) in the soil-sand 1:1 mixture. Ex vitro rooting of shoots and hardening of plants were achieved in 80% of the explants in the soil-sand mixture. Hardened plants were maintained in a greenhouse. This is the first report on in vitro regeneration of Semecarpus anacardium.

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“…Various plant parts of S. anacardium have been traditionally used to treat rheumatism, asthma, neuralgia, anthelmintic infection, cancer and psoriasis (Sathyavati et al, 1969;Saraf et al, 1989;Chadha, 1998). Several reports have been found on the isolation of biflavonoids (Murthy, 1983(Murthy, , 1984(Murthy, , 1988 and phenolics (Rao and Row, 1973) from the seeds of this plant but no report has appeared in the literature describing the phytochemistry or biological activity of stem bark of S. anacardium. Statistical analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclooxygenase inhibitory flavonoids from the stem bark of Semecarpus anacardium Linn.

Selvam

Jachak

Bhutani

2004

Phytotherapy Research

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The ethyl acetate extract of stem bark of Semecarpus anacardium showing in vivo anti-in fl ammatory activity in carrageenan induced rat paw edema assay was investigated in order to identify its active compounds. Chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of S.anacardium afforded 3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone (butein) and 7,3',4'-trihydroxy fl avone. Evaluation of COX-1 inhibitory activity of 3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone and 7,3',4'-trihydroxy fl avone provided the IC(50) values of 28.4 and 36.7 micro M respectively. Further investigation of these compounds for COX-2 inhibitory activity revealed moderate potency towards this enzyme.

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Phenolic constituents of Semecarpus anacardium

Cited by 62 publications

References 9 publications

Cytotoxic effect of root extract of Tiliacora racemosa and oil of Semecarpus anacardium nut in human tumour cells

Cytotoxic effect of root extract of Tiliacora racemosa and oil of Semecarpus anacardium nut in human tumour cells

In vitro regeneration of Semecarpus anacardium L. from axenic seedling-derived nodal explants

Cyclooxygenase inhibitory flavonoids from the stem bark of Semecarpus anacardium Linn.

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