Phenolic Compounds in Roughages and Their Fate in the Digestive System of Sheep

Fahey, G. C.; Al-Haydari, S. Y.; Hinds, F. C.; Short, Dennis Eugene

doi:10.2527/jas1980.5061165x

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Miller et al (1979) did not detect an improvement of NDF digestibility of soya-bean residues treated with 51 g/kg of NH 4 OH when compared with the ensiled control. Relative increases in ADL digestibility as an effect of ammoniation have been reported by several investigators (Gaillard and Richards, 1975;Fahey, Al-Haydari, Hinds and Short, 1980). In general, the two levels of ammonia treatment were comparable for digestibility of all measures evaluated in this study, which suggests that the 30 g/kg level of ammoniation may be as effective as the 40 g/kg level in improving the digestibility of SBS given to steer calves.…”

Section: Lamb Digestion Trialsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The increase in faecal N was explained by Fahey et al (1980) who indicated that lignin and/or other phenolic materials such as tannins, which are natural secondary products of many plants are degraded as they pass through the gastrointestinal tract of animals and that the phenolic acids which result from this degradation bind to N fragments and are secreted in the faeces. The faecal N and the urinary N excretions were closely related to N intake.…”

Section: Lamb Digestion Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In vitro and in vivo digestibility of soya-bean straw treated with various alkalis

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of treating soya-bean straw with various alkalis plus ensiling on digestibility of various nutrients and on nitrogen retention in ruminants. Soya-bean straw was treated with sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide and ensiled at 650 g/kg moisture. In trial 1, the effects of level and type of alkali on in vitro digestibility of ensiled soya-bean straw were evaluated. Concentrations of alkalis used were 0 (control), 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/kg dry matter. Both in vitro digestibilities of dry matter and organic matter of soya-bean straw were significantly (P < 0-05) increased with alkali treatment at all levels plus ensiling compared with untreated or treated unensiled straw. The 40 g/kg alkali concentration level in combination with ensiling appeared to be the most effective overall. In trial 2, the effects of type of alkali on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention in wether lambs were evaluated. Sixteen wether Suffolk lambs were given untreated or alkalitreated (40 g/kg) ensiled soya-bean straw. Treatments were: (1) water-treated straw; (2) NaOH-treated straw: (3) Ca(OH),-treated straw; and (4) NH 4 OH-treated straw. Lambs given NH 4 OH-treated ensiled straw digested the dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein better than those given water-treated ensiled straw (P < 005). NH 4 OH improved nitrogen intake by proportionately 0-181 but not nitrogen retention. For trial 3, eight Angus steers were used. Chopped soya-bean straw was treated with NH 4 OH and ensiled in Silopress bags. Treatments were: (1) untreated dry straw; (2) water-treated straw; (3) 30 g/kg NH 4 OH-treated straw; and (4) 40 g/kg NH 4 OH-treated straw. The trial consisted of a 7-day collection period which was replicated once. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein and various fibre constituents were increased by ensiling or ensiling and NH 4 OH treatment combinations (P < 005). Alkali treatments in combination with ensiling appeared to improve digestibility of soya-bean straw, but ammoniation did not improve nitrogen utilization. Ensiling appeared to have a more significant effect than alkali treatments per se on the degradability of soya-bean straw.

show abstract

Section: Lamb Digestion Trialsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Lamb Digestion Trialmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro and in vivo digestibility of soya-bean straw treated with various alkalis

1990

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They have been com-monly used as indigestible markers in studies on different herbivores (Van Soest 1982). There is some evidence that even lignins are subject to partial degradation or alteration during passage through the gastrointestinal tract (Fahey et al 1980, Muntifering 1980, and this may result in underestimates of digestion (Van Soest 1982, Servello et al 1983). This problem is largely limited to immature grasses and other forage oflow lignin content and is not likely seriously to affect ligninbased digestibility calculations of plants containing > 6% lignin by dry mass (Van Soest 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestibility of Plant Constitutents By Canada Geese and Atlantic Brant

Buchsbaum¹,

Wilson²,

Valiela³

1986

Ecology

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ability of free-ranging Brant (Branta bernie/a) and free-ranging and captive Canada Gees~ (B .. canadens~s) to digest various constituents of marsh plants was studied using lignin as a nondigestlble tracer i.n plant food and feces. The~e constituents included total organic matter, soluble carboh?'dra~es, prot~m, total ether-soluble matenal, soluble phenolics, cell wall polysaccharides, and phe~ohc acids est~n~ed ~o plant cell walls. The digestion oftotal organic matter averaged 37% in both species of gees~, mdicatmg that geese are less efficient at digesting plant material than most other vertebrate herbivores. The low total organic matter digestion was largely a result of inefficient digestion of cell w~ll po~ysaccharides. Geese digested only ""28% of the cellulose and 25% ofthe hemicelluloses pr~sent m thei~ pl~t. ~ood. In co~trast, the apparent digestibility of soluble carbohydrates was 69-85 Yo, an~ th~ di~estlbihty of protem (61-80%) was similar to that of most other vertebrate herbivores on gramm01d diets. Th~ two ~ell wall. pol?'s~~charides still provide up to 31% of the energy geese extr:act from plants despite their low digestibility, because they are present in relatively high concentratu;ms (together, ""40°~o of ~ry mass). Gee~e digested cellulose as efficiently as predicted by the p~evi~usly reported relatwnship between herbivore body size (or metabolic requirement) and cellulose digestiOn.

show abstract

“…Calliandra browse/maize silage mixture had the lowest level of soluble N (NPN), the highest level of fiber-bound N (ADFN) and the widest C: N ratio, while the corresponding fecal manure also had the highest level of fiber-bound N. These factors could have rendered Calliandra/maize silage mixture and its corresponding fecal manure less degradable and therefore maintained higher levels of organic C and N in the soil. Calliandra and Leucaena browses have substantial levels of tannins and lignin (Bareeba & Aluma, 2000) which bind protein and protect it from degradation in the rumen or digestive tracts of grazing animals (Fahey et al, 1980;Navas-Comancho et al, 1993). The tannins and lignin could have further hindered degradation of organic N in the browse/maize silage mixtures and their corresponding fecal manures in the soil.…”

Section: Decomposition Of Organic Carbon and Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3;2014 animals but also, the composition of the material fed influences the rate of decomposition both in the rumen and the soil. Calliandra and Leuceana browses have substantial levels of tannins and lignin (Bareeba and Aluma, 2000) which bind protein and protect it from degradation in the rumen (Fahey et al, 1980;Navas-Comancho et al, 1993). Browses high in polyphenols are likely to give manure rich in lignin, neutral detergent insoluble N, and feacal-insoluble N. In the soil, low quality organic materials are first immobilized then later mineralized to release nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Decomposition in Fecal Manure of Cattle Fed Browse/Maize Silages

Kato¹,

Mulebeke²,

Bareeba³

et al. 2014

SAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) decomposition in fecal manure of cattle fed browses of Calliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus), Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) and Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) browse/maize silage mixtures and maize (Zea mays) silage alone when applied to the soil were investigated in a pot experiment in comparison to the corresponding silages fed. Maize silage alone had the lowest N and a larger C: N ratio, making it a poor quality compost when applied to the soil, but compared to the browse/maize silage mixtures it had the highest level of soluble N as non-protein nitrogen (NPN) which makes much of its N available for soil microbial decomposition of its organic C. Calliandra browse/maize silage mixture had the highest level of fiber-bound N (ADFN), which reduces N availability for soil microbial decomposition of its organic C in spite of its high N content and a narrower C: N ratio. Fecal manure from maize silage alone had a lower level of N and a wider C: N ratio than fecal manure from the other silages fed which would affect its decomposition in the soil, but it had the lowest level of ADFN and much of its N is made available for soil microbial decomposition of its organic C. Soil samples after 12 weeks of the experiment showed that Calliandra browse/maize silage mixture maintained the highest level of C in the soil, while maize silage alone maintained the lowest level. Also soils treated with fecal manure from the other browse/maize silage mixtures maintained higher levels of C than fecal manure from maize silage alone. Organic C levels were lowest at 8 weeks of the experiment for all treatments and rose to the original levels at 12 weeks which could have been as a result of biotic and hydrologic factors coupled with soil aggregation. Decomposition of organic N followed a similar trend as organic C. The two elements are linked in both plant inputs in the soil and in the eventual soil humic substances. The soils treated with browse/maize silage mixtures maintained C: N ratios that were similar to that of the control soil and higher than those of the fecal manure treatments. Thus, in spite of the added silage materials to the soil, rapid decomposition of organic C could not occur to reflect benefits of adding the silage materials to the soil. Thus, fecal manure, particularly from feeding animals on browse/forage diets is more beneficial in the soil as it would decompose more readily releasing the plant nutrients they contain.

show abstract

Phenolic Compounds in Roughages and Their Fate in the Digestive System of Sheep

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

In vitro and in vivo digestibility of soya-bean straw treated with various alkalis

In vitro and in vivo digestibility of soya-bean straw treated with various alkalis

Digestibility of Plant Constitutents By Canada Geese and Atlantic Brant

Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Decomposition in Fecal Manure of Cattle Fed Browse/Maize Silages

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About