Phenolic Acids Derivatives - Biotechnological Methods of Synthesis and Bioactivity

Polyphenols: A concise overview on the chemistry, occurrence, and human health

“…Efforts to find better drugs led to the chemical development and synthesis of sodium cromoglycate (Andrew & Izzo, 2017). The great interest in phenolic acids is associated with their high potential for food preservation and for therapeutic application (Białecka-Florjańczyk et al, 2018). Biological studies on hydroxycinnamic acids have been focused on their possible beneficial effects in neurodegenerative diseases, due to their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective actions (Zhang, Zhang, Ho, & Huang, 2019), as well as on endothelial functions, via attenuation of oxidative stress, improvement of nitric oxide bioavailability, and decrease of Eselectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 expression (Fuentes & Palomo, 2014).…”

“…Within nutraceuticals (Andrew & Izzo, ; Daliu, Santini, & Novellino, ; Durazzo & Lucarini, ; Santini et al, ; Santini & Novellino, ; Santini & Novellino, ; Santini, Tenore, & Novellino, ), more than 8,000 different phenolics are identified in the plant kingdom and represent one of most numerous and widely distributed class of plant secondary metabolites (Cheynier, Comte, Davies, Lattanzio, & Martens, ; Kabera, Semana, Mussa, & He, ; Santini, Novellino, Armini, & Ritieni, ). Several outstanding reviews on polyphenols have been recently published (Amiot, Riva, & Vinet, ; Bernatoniene & Kopustinskiene, ; Białecka‐Florjańczyk, Fabiszewska, & Zieniuk, ; Clifford, Jaganath, Ludwig, & Crozier, ; Costa et al, ; Durazzo et al, ; Pervaiz, Songtao, Faghihi, Haider, & Fang, ; Roche et al, ; Xiao, Zhang, Tong, & Shi, ; H. Zhang & Tsao, ; Zhao et al, ), and the reader is referred to them for a more in‐depth information. Here, we provide a concise introductory guide for the beginners in order to assist them in their initial entry into the chemistry and pharmacology of polyphenols.…”

Quercetin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Curcumin, and Resveratrol: From Dietary Sources to Human MicroRNA Modulation

“…They exist either in free or conjugated form in plants [16]. The great interest in phenolic acids is associated with their use in food technology due to their high potential in food preservation [17].…”

Antidepressant Potential of Cinnamic Acids: Mechanisms of Action and Perspectives in Drug Development

“…Among these acids, there are phenolic acids, which are divided into hydroxybenzoic acids and hydroxycinnamic acids, based on C 6 -C 1 and C 6 -C 3 skeletons, respectively [26]. According to the literature, phenolic acids have potentially antioxidant properties due to the presence of a phenolic ring that promotes the electron donation and hydrogen atom transfer to free radicals, acting as free-radical scavengers, reducing agents, and quenchers of single oxygen formation [27,28]. It has been reported that phenolic compounds produce a significant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-1β, and stimulate a concomitant increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines as interleukin-8 (IL-8) in different in vitro and in vivo models of inflammation [29][30][31][32].…”