Phenolic Acid‐based Poly(anhydride‐esters) as Antioxidant Biomaterials

Abstract

Poly(anhydride-esters) comprised of naturally occurring, non-toxic phenolic acids, namely syringic and vanillic acid, with antioxidant properties were prepared via solution polymerization methods. Polymer and polymer precursor physiochemical properties were characterized, including polymer molecular weight and thermal properties. In vitro release studies illustrated that polymer hydrolytic degradation was influenced by relative hydrophobicity and degree of methoxy substitution of the phenolic acids. Further, the released phenolic acids were found to maintain antioxidant potency relative to free phenolic acid controls as determined by a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Polymer cytotoxicity was assessed with L929 fibroblasts in polymer-containing media; appropriate cell morphology and high fibroblast proliferation were obtained for the polymers at the lower concentrations. These polymers deliver non-cytotoxic levels of naturally occurring antioxidants, which could be efficacious in topical delivery of antioxidant therapies.

Polyactives: controlled and sustained bioactive release via hydrolytic degradation

“…71 Polymer degradation studies under physiological conditions found bioactive release to be controlled by polymer hydrophobicity; greater hydrophobicity decreased release rate. Released bioactive maintained antioxidant activity, as evident by a DPPH radical scavenging assay (Figure 8).…”

“…Two phenolic acids, syringic acid (SGA) and vanillic acid (VA), were integrated into a polymer backbone by first synthesizing diacid units and then subjecting them to solution polymerization. 71 Polymer degradation studies under physio-logical conditions found bioactive release to be controlled by polymer hydrophobicity; a greater hydrophobicity decreased the release rate. The released bioactive maintained its antioxidant activity, as evident by a DPPH radical scavenging assay (Fig.…”

Biodegradable Kojic Acid-Based Polymers: Controlled Delivery of Bioactives for Melanogenesis Inhibition

“…The former trend may be due to the shorter C−O bond relative to C−C bond, which reduces the polymer flexibility, whereas the latter is consistent with the literature. 40,41 KA polyesters had a lower M w , with the exception of 6e, when compared to KA poly(carbonate-ester) counterparts, with M w ranging from 9.0− 30.2 kDa. As expected, when comparing KA polyester and KA poly(carbonate-ester) T g values derived from the same monomer, in comparison the polyester had consistently lower T g values.…”

Preparation of Hollow Biopolymer Nanospheres Employing Starch Nanoparticle Templates for Enhancement of Phenolic Acid Antioxidant Activities

“…Phenolic acids have been extensively studied because of their bioactive properties and disease prevention and control capacities . At first, many scientists used them to substitute for chemical antioxidants and antimicrobials in foods . Afterward, evidence suggested that phenolic acids possess potentially protective effects against diseases caused by oxidative damage.…”

“…19 At first, many scientists used them to substitute for chemical antioxidants and antimicrobials in foods. 20 Afterward, evidence suggested that phenolic acids possess potentially protective effects against diseases caused by oxidative damage. Recently, the effective inhibitory effect of phenolic acids on cancer invasion and metastasis has also been widely investigated.…”