Phenetic Relationships Between Juan Fernandez and Continental Chilean Species of Sophora (Fabaceae) Based on Flavonoid Patterns

Ruíz, Eduardo; Donoso, C.; González, Fidelina; Becerra, José; Marticorena, Clodomiro; Silva, Mario

doi:10.4067/s0366-16441999000300012

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The distinctiveness of S. macrocarpa from other species of sect. Edwardsia is also supported by flavonoid patterns that show it is rather isolated in the section (Ruiz et al ., 1999). The variation of the growth habit, vegetative, floral, and fruit characters discussed above suggests that S. tomentosa in particular, and also S. macrocarpa , may represent evolutionary transitions between species of Sophora (various sections) with herbaceous growth habit and terminal inflorescences and the species of sect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The relationship of Sophora sect. Edwardsia (Fabaceae) to Sophora tomentosa, the type species of the genus Sophora, observed from DNA sequence data and morphological characters

Heenan

Dawson

Wagstaff

2004

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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Sophora tomentosa , the type species of the genus Sophora , is shown by phylogenetic analyses of rbc L and ITS sequence data to be sister to Sophora sect. Edwardsia . S. tomentosa and most of the species from sect. Edwardsia share hypogeal germination, exstipulate leaves, and terete filaments. These species have buoyant seeds, and are distributed by ocean currents throughout the pantropics ( S. tomentosa ) and around southern temperate oceanic islands (sect. Edwardsia ). S. tomentosa differs from the species of sect. Edwardsia by its frutescent growth habit, terminal elongate inflorescence and smooth-walled legume. S. macrocarpa is unusual in sect. Edwardsia as its leaves have stipules, the filaments are winged, and the legume is smooth-walled.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

The relationship of Sophora sect. Edwardsia (Fabaceae) to Sophora tomentosa, the type species of the genus Sophora, observed from DNA sequence data and morphological characters

Heenan

Dawson

Wagstaff

2004

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society

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“…The number of samples collected per species ranged from 13 to 198, and two individuals identified from morphology as hybrids (S. chathamica 9 S. microphylla) were also included. The Chilean species S. macrocarpa was selected as outgroup for the AFLP analyses because morphological characters (Heenan et al, 2004b), flavonoid patterns (Ruiz et al, 1999) and nuclear sequences (Shepherd & Heenan, unpublished data) indicate it is distinct from the rest of sect. Edwardsia.…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast phylogeography of New Zealand Sophora trees (Fabaceae): extensive hybridization and widespread Last Glacial Maximum survival

Shepherd

Lange²,

Perrie

et al. 2017

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To date, there have been few studies investigating the phylogeography of forest trees that are widely distributed in New Zealand. Our main objective was to examine the phylogeographic distribution of chloroplast DNA from New Zealand Sophora trees with respect to known biogeographical regions, proposed refugia and species boundaries. A second objective was to investigate the origins of the southern and Chatham Island populations of Sophora chathamica, which have been proposed to derive from Māori translocation. Location The New Zealand archipelago coastal and lowland forests. Methods We sequenced the chloroplast trnQ5′‐rps16 intergenic spacer from 416 samples of Sophora, representing all of the New Zealand species. A median‐joining network was used to analyse haplotype relationships. Phylogeographic structuring was assessed with GST and NST calculations and spatial analysis of molecular variance (SAMOVA). Analyses of molecular variance were used to test partitioning schemes including species divisions and proposed biogeographical boundaries. Results A total of 22 haplotypes were recovered. Moderate genetic differentiation was detected and it had a phylogeographic component but no higher level groupings were found with a SAMOVA. Very little of the chloroplast variation was partitioned by species boundaries or geography. Haplotype diversity decreased from north to south but was not higher in proposed major lowland forest glacial refugia. Populations of Sophora chathamica suggested to derive from Māori translocations contained a haplotype not detected from the proposed natural range of the species. Main conclusions Sophora survived the Last Glacial Maximum in widespread populations throughout much of the country, although our data did not provide evidence for survival in the southern South Island. Chloroplast sharing among New Zealand Sophora species likely results from hybridization and introgression. Our results indicate that the occurrence of S. chathamica in the southern North Island, northern South Island and Chatham Islands is likely to be natural, although the planting by Māori of some of the individuals in the southern North Island and Chatham Islands cannot be excluded.

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“…(Myrtaceae;Landrum 1981;Ruiz & al., 1994), Peperomia Ruiz et Pavon (Piperaceae;Valdebenito & al., 1992b), Robinsonia DC. (Asteraceae;Pacheco & al., 1985;Sanders & al., 1987), Sophora L. (Leguminosae; Peña & al., 1993Peña & al., , 2000Peña & Cassels, 1996;Ruiz & al., 1999), and Wahlenbergia Schrader ex Roth (Campanulaceae; Lammers, 1996). In most of these studies morphological characteristics have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic relationships and genetic divergence among endemic species of Berberis, Gunnera, Myrceugenia and Sophora of the Juan Fernández Islands (Chile) and their continental progenitors based on isozymes and nrITS sequences

Ruíz

Crawford

Stuessy

et al. 2004

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Phylogenetic relationships and genetic divergence among congeneric species endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands and their relatives in continental Chile were estimated using percentage of divergence of ITS of nrDNA and genetic identity (Nei) based on allozyme variability. A total of 1151 individuals in 85 populations of 17 species was analyzed belonging to the genera Berberis (four spp.), Gunnera (four spp.), Myrceugenia (five spp.), and Sophora (four spp.). ITS regions 1 and 2 ranged between 442 and 504 bp long. The number of loci resolved differed within each genus and ranged between 5 and 11 (in Gunnera and Sophora, respectively). The new data allowed testing of previous hypotheses of relationship based on morphology and secondary products chemistry. Genetic identity values among insular congeneric species ranged between 0.936 (Gunnera) and 0.670 (Myrceugenia). ITS sequence divergence ranged from 0% (Gunnera and Sophora) to 4.2% (Myrceugenia). These values are within the ranges obtained for insular endemic species in other oceanic archipelagoes. Estimates of time of divergence of endemics from progenitors, based on isozyme data, lie between 188,500 and 2,580,000 years. The oldest island, Masatierra, is approximately 4 million years old and the youngest, Masafuera, 1–2 million years old. Genetic divergence between endemic species of Masafuera and their continental relatives is in general lower than that between endemic species of Masatierra and their putative continental ancestors. Genetic divergence is also greater between continental progenitors and derivative species in Masatierra than between endemic species pairs between Masatierra and Masafuera.

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Phenetic Relationships Between Juan Fernandez and Continental Chilean Species of Sophora (Fabaceae) Based on Flavonoid Patterns

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

The relationship of Sophora sect. Edwardsia (Fabaceae) to Sophora tomentosa, the type species of the genus Sophora, observed from DNA sequence data and morphological characters

The relationship of Sophora sect. Edwardsia (Fabaceae) to Sophora tomentosa, the type species of the genus Sophora, observed from DNA sequence data and morphological characters

Chloroplast phylogeography of New Zealand Sophora trees (Fabaceae): extensive hybridization and widespread Last Glacial Maximum survival

Phylogenetic relationships and genetic divergence among endemic species of Berberis, Gunnera, Myrceugenia and Sophora of the Juan Fernández Islands (Chile) and their continental progenitors based on isozymes and nrITS sequences

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