Phenanthrene Derived Nanoporous Hypercrosslinked Polymeric Adsorbent for CO₂ Capture from Flue Gas and Removal of Organic Dyes from Wastewater

Abstract

Phenanthrene, a prime polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutant, is utilized to develop a nanoporous hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent (poly-PHEN-C) through the microwave-assisted process from catalyst anhydrous AlCl 3 and solvent CHCl 3 . Nanoporous poly-PHEN-C proves to be a highly effective adsorbent for adsorbing CO 2 from flue gas and removing organic dyes from wastewater. CO 2 capture capacity of 3.2 mmol g −1 at 298 K and 1 bar is ascribed to the combined effect of surface area (1472 m 2 g −1 ), micropores (1.1, 1.7 nm), pore volume (0.73 cm 3 g −1 ), and π electrons. The separation selectivity of the gas mixture, i.e., CO 2 /N 2 (15:85), is estimated from the ideal adsorbed solution theory model. Moreover, poly-PHEN-C is employed for removal of cationic (crystal violet, CV) and anionic (alizarin red S, ARS) dyes from aqueous solutions. In the batch process, it exhibits adsorption capacities of 161 mg g −1 for CV and 120 mg g −1 for ARS. In the continuous fixed-bed column process, breakthrough capacity of 300 mg g −1 is achieved for CV. Thus, the present study offers an eco-friendly approach for effectively managing three categories of hazardous pollutants, namely, PAHs, greenhouse gas CO 2 , and organic dyes, a sustainable strategy for environmental management.

Boron-Enriched Benzene Boronic Acid Based Hyper-Cross-Linked Polymer for Selective Electrocatalytic N2 Reduction to Ammonia

“…The FTIR spectra of BBA (monomer) and FDA (linker) were compared with Poly-BBA in Figure a. The bands at 3010 and 2940 cm –1 in Poly-BBA were assigned to aromatic C–H stretching and the linker methylene group, respectively, which confirms the hyper-cross-linking of Poly-BBA. − Further, the bands at 1360 and 1080 cm –1 were attributed to B–O and B–C stretching vibrations, respectively. , The broadening in the 1630 and 690 cm –1 bands was attributed to the skeleton and out-of-plane bending vibrations of aromatic rings, which also supports successful knitting. − The presence of B–OH groups in the polymer framework and adsorbed moisture is evidenced by the broad O–H band in the 3400 to 3600 cm –1 range …”

Pore Regulation of Carboxyl-Functionalized Hyper-Crosslinked Polymers and Their Efficient Aniline Adsorption

“…For example, Zhang et al controlled the pore size to develop a kind of efficient covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and it effectively captured diclofenac sodium (DS) from water. Rawat et al utilized phenanthrene, a primary toxic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, as the precursor to composite the nanoporous HCPs via a microwave-assisted method. They are employed to remove crystal violet (CV, cationic) and alizarin red (ARS, anionic) dyes in water.…”