Phasing Out Fossil Fuels: Determinants of Production Cuts and Implications for an International Agreement

Lujala, Päivi; Billon, Philippe Le; Gaulin, Nicolas

doi:10.1162/glep_a_00683

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Grassroots movements are often the first to propose especially moratorium proposals, but also other supply-side initiatives, such as divestment campaigns (Van Asselt and Newell, 2022). If adopted as state policy, divestments, extraction and carbon taxes and subsidy phaseouts (Lujala et al, 2022; van Asselt and Newell, 2022) can all be conceptualised as resulting from a condensation of conflicts of interests within the state reflecting socio-political struggles. Such an understanding can be useful for contextual analyses of supply-side climate policies, as it can help explain first why some proposals are adopted into state policy, second how their policy design is an outcome of attempts to appease different conflicting interests and third the resulting state (spatial) strategies.…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaving oil in the ground: Ecuador's Yasuní-ITT initiative and spatial strategies for supply-side climate solutions

Laastad

2023

Environ Plan A

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Rather than a surprising and illogical move to leave oil in the ground for international compensation, Ecuador's Yasuní-ITT Initiative should be understood as an outcome of ongoing struggles of interests within the state at the time. In this landmark oil moratorium attempt, launched in 2007, the Ecuadorian government offered to forego extraction of its largest oil reservoir, projected to contain 20% of the country's oil reserves, if it received international compensation totalling half the expected revenues. If successful, the initiative could have constituted a post-extractivist economic model that would have favoured indigenous and environmental interests at the expense of oil interests. However, the initiative was cancelled in 2013, after only a fraction of the requested sum had been received, and oil production is now ongoing. Most academic literature highlights how a developmentalist petro-state was willing to abstain from extracting its largest oil reserves, yet encountered a range of national and international obstacles. This article defies this ‘against all odds’ framing. It examines the initiative as a space-making process and understands the attempted internationalisation of the Yasuní oil as the state's spatial strategy to ensure continued income from oil, either in the form of compensation or by legitimising their continued existence as a petro-state and for business as usual if the attempt failed. This analysis demonstrates how understanding political economic resource governance and its space-making processes as outcomes of struggles and complex negotiation processes within the state could bring new insights into energy transition processes.

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Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaving oil in the ground: Ecuador's Yasuní-ITT initiative and spatial strategies for supply-side climate solutions

Laastad

2023

Environ Plan A

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“…The global irreversible, long-term trend for increase in energy consumption [3,4] requires new energy sources [5,6] in order to guarantee energy security with simultaneous environmental sustainability [7,8]. The dynamic growth of solar energy, hydro, and wind which are strongly affected by weather/season conditions [9] is still insufficient to phase out fossil fuels [10,11]. As a result, new energy materials are required, whose availability is independent from season or geographic, location, or climate conditions [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of Post-Refining Waste MONG to Gaseous Fuel in a Rotary Gasifier

Sitka,

Szulc,

Smykowski

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Biodiesel manufacturing frequently employs sustainable materials like soybeans, microorganisms, palm extract, jatropha plant, and recycled frying oils. The expansion of biodiesel manufacturing has escalated the volume of waste byproducts, encompassing glycerin and non-glycerin organic matter (MONG), jointly known as raw glycerin. MONG is characterized by a low calorific value, a high autoignition temperature, and significant viscosity at room temperature. As a waste product, it negatively affects the natural environment due to the lack of viable disposal methods. Hence, there is a need for its conversion into high-calorific gaseous fuel with significantly less environmental impact. One of the methods for converting MONG into gaseous fuel is the pyrolysis process. This study describes the pyrolytic conversion of MONG conducted on a test stand consisting of a rotating chamber with a shell filled with liquid lead as a heating medium. Based on the measurements and balance calculations, the amount of heat required to preserve the autothermal process was determined. The calorific value and composition of the pyrolytic gas were measured, revealing that 70% of the gas involves compounds characterized by a high calorific value. As a result, the calorific value of dry, purified gas equals 35.07 MJ/kg. A life cycle assessment has been conducted, in order to determine if the produced gaseous fuel matches sustainable development criteria. MONG-based gas is a sustainable replacement of, e.g., natural gas, lignite, or hard coal; however, it allows us to avoid 233–416 kg/h CO2 emissions per 1 MWt of heat.

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Supply‐side climate policy: A new frontier in climate governance

Newell,

Daley

2024

WIREs Climate Change

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From the margins of climate governance, supply‐side policies that seek to restrict the production of climate‐heating fossil fuels and keep sizeable quantities of remaining reserves in the ground are gaining greater prominence. From national‐level production bans and phase‐out policies to divestment campaigns and the creation of “climate clubs,” such as the Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance (BOGA), an increasing number of such policies are being adopted by national and state governments, cities and financial actors around the world. This marked shift in climate governance reflects a growing recognition that the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement cannot be achieved without enhanced efforts to leave large swathes of remaining fossil fuel reserves in the ground and actively phase‐out existing fossil fuels infrastructures. Unsurprisingly, there has been increasing scholarly attention to different dimensions of supply‐side policy: from identifying the nature and scale of the “production gap” (between planned fossil fuel production and that which is compatible with climate goals), to initial attempts to map and explain the adoption of supply‐side policies across different regions and sectors, as well as forward‐looking analysis of possible pathways to multilateral supply‐side agreements. This article surveys this academic and policy landscape to review what we currently know about supply‐side policies: how, when, why and by whom they are adopted, how significant they are, and the ways in which national and regional measures might be supported multilaterally.This article is categorized under: Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Global Justice

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Phasing Out Fossil Fuels: Determinants of Production Cuts and Implications for an International Agreement

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Leaving oil in the ground: Ecuador's Yasuní-ITT initiative and spatial strategies for supply-side climate solutions

Leaving oil in the ground: Ecuador's Yasuní-ITT initiative and spatial strategies for supply-side climate solutions

Conversion of Post-Refining Waste MONG to Gaseous Fuel in a Rotary Gasifier

Supply‐side climate policy: A new frontier in climate governance

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