Phases of Chronic Pain: A Model for Assessment and Treatment

Fisher, Linda B.; Goldstein, Leonard S.; Buongiorno, Paul A.

doi:10.1097/00002508-199009000-00005

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The PPT was defined as the minimal amount of pressure at which the sensation changed from pressure to pain. 23 We assessed it over the UT (midpoint between the C7 vertebra and the posterolateral acromion), infraspinatus (muscle belly bellow the midpoint of the scapular spine), supraspinatus (muscle belly above the midpoint of the scapular spine), middle deltoid (muscle belly close to the inferolateral insertion), and tibialis anterior (halfway between the most superior attachment to the tibia and its tendon in the upper one-third of the muscle belly). These locations were used in a previous study.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swimming Practice and Scapular Kinematics, Scapulothoracic Muscle Activity, and the Pressure-Pain Threshold in Young Swimmers

Habechian

Lozana

Cools

et al. 2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context Whereas alterations in scapular kinematics, scapulothoracic muscle activity, and pain sensitivity have been described in adult swimmers, no researchers have examined these outcomes in young swimmers. Objectives To compare scapular kinematics, scapulothoracic muscle activation, and the pressure-pain threshold (PPT) of the shoulder muscles among young nonpractitioners (those who were not involved in sports involving the upper limbs), amateur swimmers, and competitive swimmers. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants A total of 90 individuals (age = 11.63 ± 0.61 years) in 3 groups: nonpractitioners, amateur swimmers, and competitive swimmers. Intervention(s) Scapular kinematics and activity of the upper trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior (SA) were measured during upper extremity elevation in the scapular plane. The PPT was assessed in the upper trapezius, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, middle deltoid, and tibialis anterior. Main Outcome Measure(s) Scapular kinematics, scapulothoracic muscle activation, and PPT. We conducted a 2-way mixed-model analysis of variance and a 1-way analysis of variance for scapular rotation and PPT, respectively. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess muscle activity. The α level was set at .05. Results Competitive swimmers presented more internal rotation at 90° (P = .03) and 120° (P = .047) and more anterior tilt at 90° (P = .03) than nonpractitioners. Amateur swimmers demonstrated more anterior tilt at 90° (P = .004) and 120° (P = .005) than nonpractitioners. Competitive swimmers had greater SA activation in the intervals from 60° to 90° (P = .02) and 90° to 120° (P = .01) than amateur swimmers. They also displayed more SA activation in the interval from 90° to 120° than nonpractitioners (P = .04). No differences were found in any of the muscles for the PPT (P > .05). Conclusions Young competitive swimmers presented alterations in scapular kinematics and scapulothoracic muscle activation during upper extremity elevation that may be due to sport practice. Mechanical pain sensitivity was not altered in young swimmers.

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Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Swimming Practice and Scapular Kinematics, Scapulothoracic Muscle Activity, and the Pressure-Pain Threshold in Young Swimmers

Habechian

Lozana

Cools

et al. 2018

Journal of Athletic Training

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Transitions in the Concept of Chronic Pain

Breen

2002

Advances in Nursing Science

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Chronic pain is a worldwide problem with significant physical, psychological, and social impacts. Despite its prevalence and cost, the phenomenon is not well understood. An inductive method of concept analysis was used to study the concept of chronic, non-cancerous pain in adults. A random sample of nursing, psychology, and neurophysiology literature published over a 30-year period (1969 through 1999) was used to generate a consensual definition of chronic pain. The transition in the attributes, antecedents, consequences, related concepts, and surrogate terms of chronic pain is described, and the implications of the findings for practice and research are discussed.

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Phases of Chronic Pain: A Model for Assessment and Treatment

Cited by 2 publications

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Swimming Practice and Scapular Kinematics, Scapulothoracic Muscle Activity, and the Pressure-Pain Threshold in Young Swimmers

Swimming Practice and Scapular Kinematics, Scapulothoracic Muscle Activity, and the Pressure-Pain Threshold in Young Swimmers

Transitions in the Concept of Chronic Pain

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