Phases Formed in Al-Doped Ni[sub 1/3]Mn[sub 1/3]Co[sub 1/3](OH)[sub 2] Prepared by Coprecipitation: Formation of Layered Double Hydroxide

Zhao, Xuemei; Zhou, Feng; Dahn, J. R.

doi:10.1149/1.2949405

Cited by 33 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…This route avoids the issues described by other authors in using a mixed hydroxide precursor to incorporate Al into the NMC lattice. 36,37 The GNC method, which utilizes an Al as observed by a shift of the R-3m 003 peak at ~4.96° 2θ (Fig. 1b), and a slight corresponding contraction within the ab plane ( Table 1).…”

Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi_0.45Mn_0.45Co_0.1–yAl_yO₂ Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

et al. 2012

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Single-phase LiNi 0.45 Mn 0.45 Co 0.1-y Al y O 2 layered oxide materials with 0≤y≤0.10 were prepared using the glycine-nitrate combustion method. Al-substitution has a minimal effect on the defect concentration and rate capability of the materials, but raises the operating voltage and reduces the capacity fade of the materials during prolonged cycling compared to the unsubstituted system. In situ x-ray diffraction suggests the presence of Al has a significant structural impact during battery operation. It acts to limit the changes in lattice parameters observed during electrochemical charging and cycling of the materials. High-resolution x-ray diffraction reveals structural distortions in the transition metal layers of as-synthesized powders with high Alcontents, as well as a structural evolution seen in all materials after cycling.

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Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi_0.45Mn_0.45Co_0.1–yAl_yO₂ Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

et al. 2012

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“…However, the introduction of Al for Al-doped materials such as NCA complicates the synthesis of hydroxide precursors and affects the products significantly. Since Al is trivalent in the hydroxide, an extra anion needs to be incorporated into the layered M(OH) 2 structure in order to balance the charge, resulting in the formation of a new layered double hydroxide (LDH) phase [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like Al-doped NMC [13] or LCO [14] precursors, it is expected that the amount of LDH phase present in the material increases as the Al content increases, but there have been few studies confirming this [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation of Layered Double Hydroxide Phases in the Coprecipitation Syntheses of [Ni0.80Co0.15](1−x)/0.95Alx(OH)2(anionn−)x/n (x = 0–0.2, n = 1, 2)

Liu

Dahn

2019

ChemEngineering

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This study investigates the synthesis of [Ni0.80Co0.15](1−x)/0.95Alx(OH)2 (x = 0–0.2) materials by coprecipitation to understand the formation of layered double hydroxide (LDH) phases as influenced by Al content and synthesis route. Two routes were compared: the first method dissolved all the metal reagents into one solution before addition into the reaction vessel, while the second dissolved Al into a separate NaOH solution before simultaneous addition of the Ni/Co and Al solutions into the reaction vessel. The synthesized materials were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emissions Spectroscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis to understand the formation of LDH phases as influenced by Al content and synthesis method. It was found that as Al content increased, the amount of LDH phase present increased as well. No significant difference in LDH phase presence was observed for the two synthesis methods, but the morphologies of the particles were different. The method containing all the metals in one solution produced small particles, likely due to the continuous nucleation of Al(OH)3 disrupting particle growth. The method containing the separate Al in NaOH solution matched the morphology of the material with no Al, which is known to form desired large spherical particles under continuously stirring tank reactor synthesis conditions.

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“…The typical synthesis method used consists of the coprecipitation of a mixture of metal salts within a basic solution [11]. There are numerous articles which have reported on various strategies to increase particle density during the coprecipitation of the hydroxides, such as novel synthetic procedures, cation substitutions, metal doping, or modifications to the synthetic procedure during the oxidation to the electrochemically active-lithiated material [2,6,22,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the third route, the aqueous solution was heated under reflux conditions at 100°C for 5 h. The pH at the end of all of these reactions was ∼7. A traditional coprecipitation reaction was also prepared for comparison by following methods described previously in the literature (metal solution dripped slowly into a solution of high pH) [10,26]. In all cases, the precipitate products were rinsed several times with distilled water and dried overnight under dry air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel coprecipitation method towards the synthesis of NixMnxCo(1–2x)(OH)2 for the preparation of lithium metal oxides

Rodrigues

Wontcheu

MacNeil

2011

J Solid State Electrochem

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A series of mixed metal hydroxide (Ni x Mn x Co (1-2x) (OH) 2 ) precursors for the preparation of lithiated mixed metal oxides (LiNi x Mn x Co (1-2x) O 2 ) were prepared using a novel coprecipitation approach based on the thermal decomposition of urea. Three different methods were used to achieve the temperature required to decompose urea and subsequently precipitate the hydroxides. The first two methods consisted of either a hydrothermal or microwaveassisted hydrothermal synthesis at 180°C and elevated pressures. The final method was an aqueous reflux at 100°C. A complete series (x=0.00-0.50) was prepared for each method and fully characterized before and after converting the materials to lithiated metal oxides (LiNi x Mn x Co (1-2x) O 2 ). We observed the formation of a complex structure after the coprecipitation of the hydroxides. Scanning electron micrographs images demonstrate that the morphology and particle size of the hydroxide particles varied significantly from x=0.00-0.50 under hydrothermal synthesis conditions. There is also a significant change in particle morphology as the urea decomposition method is varied. The X-ray diffraction profiles of the oxides synthesized from these hydroxide precursors all demonstrated phase pure oxides that provided good electrochemical performance.

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Phases Formed in Al-Doped Ni[sub 1/3]Mn[sub 1/3]Co[sub 1/3](OH)[sub 2] Prepared by Coprecipitation: Formation of Layered Double Hydroxide

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi_0.45Mn_0.45Co_0.1–yAl_yO₂ Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi_0.45Mn_0.45Co_0.1–yAl_yO₂ Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

The Formation of Layered Double Hydroxide Phases in the Coprecipitation Syntheses of [Ni0.80Co0.15](1−x)/0.95Alx(OH)2(anionn−)x/n (x = 0–0.2, n = 1, 2)

A novel coprecipitation method towards the synthesis of NixMnxCo(1–2x)(OH)2 for the preparation of lithium metal oxides

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Phases Formed in Al-Doped Ni[sub 1/3]Mn[sub 1/3]Co[sub 1/3](OH)[sub 2] Prepared by Coprecipitation: Formation of Layered Double Hydroxide

Cited by 33 publications

References 27 publications

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi0.45Mn0.45Co0.1–yAlyO2 Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi0.45Mn0.45Co0.1–yAlyO2 Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

The Formation of Layered Double Hydroxide Phases in the Coprecipitation Syntheses of [Ni0.80Co0.15](1−x)/0.95Alx(OH)2(anionn−)x/n (x = 0–0.2, n = 1, 2)

A novel coprecipitation method towards the synthesis of NixMnxCo(1–2x)(OH)2 for the preparation of lithium metal oxides

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Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi_0.45Mn_0.45Co_0.1–yAl_yO₂ Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries

Structural Underpinnings of the Enhanced Cycling Stability upon Al-Substitution in LiNi_0.45Mn_0.45Co_0.1–yAl_yO₂ Positive Electrode Materials for Li-ion Batteries