Phase Velocity of Cancellous Bone: Negative Dispersion Arising from Fast and Slow Waves, Interference, Diffraction, and Phase Cancellation at Piezoelectric Receiving Elements

Anderson, Christian C.; Bauer, Adam Q.; Marutyan, Karen R.; Holland, Mark; Pakuła, Michał; Bretthorst, G. Larry; Laugier, Pascal; Miller, James G.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0017-8_12

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that interfering fast wave and slow wave modes can account for the apparent negative dispersion sometimes observed in measurements of cancellous bone. [13][14][15][16][17] This apparent negative dispersion arises when conventional phase spectroscopy analysis of two overlapping waves is performed as if only one wave were present. Sometimes the presence of an additional wave is not apparent in the RF signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining attenuation properties of interfering fast and slow ultrasonic waves in cancellous bone

Nelson

Hoffman

Anderson

et al. 2011

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Previous studies have shown that interference between fast waves and slow waves can lead to observed negative dispersion in cancellous bone. In this study, the effects of overlapping fast and slow waves on measurements of the apparent attenuation as a function of propagation distance are investigated along with methods of analysis used to determine the attenuation properties. Two methods are applied to simulated data that were generated based on experimentally acquired signals taken from a bovine specimen. The first method uses a time-domain approach that was dictated by constraints imposed by the partial overlap of fast and slow waves. The second method uses a frequency-domain log-spectral subtraction technique on the separated fast and slow waves. Applying the time-domain analysis to the broadband data yields apparent attenuation behavior that is larger in the early stages of propagation and decreases as the wave travels deeper. In contrast, performing frequency-domain analysis on the separated fast waves and slow waves results in attenuation coefficients that are independent of propagation distance. Results suggest that features arising from the analysis of overlapping two-mode data may represent an alternate explanation for the previously reported apparent dependence on propagation distance of the attenuation coefficient of cancellous bone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining attenuation properties of interfering fast and slow ultrasonic waves in cancellous bone

Nelson

Hoffman

Anderson

et al. 2011

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…The relation of the lower frequency and higher attenuation of the fast wave is due to high frequency component of wave affected more by attenuation, specifically absorption compared to the low frequency component [21]. Nonetheless, some situation exhibits amplitude of fast wave bigger or similar with slow wave depends on density and the acoustic properties of bone phantom or material used [22,23]. Figure 6.…”

Section: Results and Analysis 31 Separation Of Fast And Slow Wavementioning

confidence: 99%

Incident and reflected two waves correlation with cancellous bone structure

et al. 2020

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The correlation in bone microstructure for ultrasound pulse echo technique is still less accurate compared to through transmission technique. Previous works demonstrated, reflected two modes wave has significant association with bone porosity. The paper aims is to conduct simulation using pulse echo technique to examine the relationship between fast and slow waves with porosity of 2-dimensional cancellous bone models by comparing the result to through transmission technique. The "incident" and "reflected" waves were separated using bandlimited deconvolution method by estimating time threshold of fast and slow waves' transfer function. The parameters of the waves were computed, plotted versus porosity for six different thicknesses and the correlation coefficients between them were compared. The incident and reflected fast wave attenuations show marginally significant correlation with porosity for both bone models orientations. Wave propagation for parallel orientation dominated by incident and reflected fast wave, meanwhile, perpendicular orientation dominated by incident slow wave. The thickness factor affected wave amplitude but less affected the attenuation. Because of propagation loss, reflected wave shows lower correlation to porosity compared to incident wave. Hence, analyzing fast and slow waves might improve the measurement accuracy of pulse echo technique compared to using single mode wave to estimate bone quality.

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“…Previous studies, both numerical finite-difference timedomain simulation and experimental studies, have generally determined the 'fast' and 'slow' wave associated with the Biot theory. [24][25][26][27] Anderson et al, 27 Wear 28 and Sebaa et al 29 have all identified a limitation of overlapping waves by introducing different methods to solve the inverse problem and to separate the 'fast' and 'slow' waves. Our study offers an alternative approach to address interfering waves by deriving the transfer function, unique to an individual sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A deconvolution method for deriving the transit time spectrum for ultrasound propagation through cancellous bone replica models

Langton

Wille

Flegg

2014

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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The acceptance of broadband ultrasound attenuation for the assessment of osteoporosis suffers from a limited understanding of ultrasound wave propagation through cancellous bone. It has recently been proposed that the ultrasound wave propagation can be described by a concept of parallel sonic rays. This concept approximates the detected transmission signal to be the superposition of all sonic rays that travel directly from transmitting to receiving transducer. The transit time of each ray is defined by the proportion of bone and marrow propagated. An ultrasound transit time spectrum describes the proportion of sonic rays having a particular transit time, effectively describing lateral inhomogeneity of transit times over the surface of the receiving ultrasound transducer. The aim of this study was to provide a proof of concept that a transit time spectrum may be derived from digital deconvolution of input and output ultrasound signals. We have applied the active-set method deconvolution algorithm to determine the ultrasound transit time spectra in the three orthogonal directions of four cancellous bone replica samples and have compared experimental data with the prediction from the computer simulation. The agreement between experimental and predicted ultrasound transit time spectrum analyses derived from Bland-Altman analysis ranged from 92% to 99%, thereby supporting the concept of parallel sonic rays for ultrasound propagation in cancellous bone. In addition to further validation of the parallel sonic ray concept, this technique offers the opportunity to consider quantitative characterisation of the material and structural properties of cancellous bone, not previously available utilising ultrasound.

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Phase Velocity of Cancellous Bone: Negative Dispersion Arising from Fast and Slow Waves, Interference, Diffraction, and Phase Cancellation at Piezoelectric Receiving Elements

Cited by 7 publications

References 60 publications

Determining attenuation properties of interfering fast and slow ultrasonic waves in cancellous bone

Determining attenuation properties of interfering fast and slow ultrasonic waves in cancellous bone

Incident and reflected two waves correlation with cancellous bone structure

A deconvolution method for deriving the transit time spectrum for ultrasound propagation through cancellous bone replica models

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