2009
DOI: 10.1557/mrs2009.231
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Phase Transformations of Nanocrystalline Martensitic Materials

Abstract: The physical phenomena and engineering applications of martensitic phase transformations are the focus of intense ongoing research. The martensitic phase transformation and functional properties such as the shape-memory effect and superelasticity are strongly affected by the crystal size at the nanoscale. The current state of research on the impact of crystal size on the phase stability of the martensite is reviewed summarizing experimental results of various nanostructured martensitic materials and discussing… Show more

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Cited by 139 publications
(101 citation statements)
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“…For example, when the characteristic size (e.g. grain size or pillar diameter) is decreased into the nanometer range, a loss of superelasticity and shape memory has been reported for Ni-Ti, such as for a grain size below ~50 nm [1, 10,11]. Similarly, for Fe-Ni powders subjected to quenching through the transformation temperature, the probability of martensite formation decreases with decreasing particle diameter in the micron range [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, when the characteristic size (e.g. grain size or pillar diameter) is decreased into the nanometer range, a loss of superelasticity and shape memory has been reported for Ni-Ti, such as for a grain size below ~50 nm [1, 10,11]. Similarly, for Fe-Ni powders subjected to quenching through the transformation temperature, the probability of martensite formation decreases with decreasing particle diameter in the micron range [12].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Several mechanisms have been postulated to contribute to such size effects including surface and interfacial energies, mechanical constraints, and the resulting changes in the martensite microstructure. 4,16,17 Surfaces are also known to drive phase transformations in nanoscale FCCwires. 18,19,20 MD simulations showedthat surface stresses cause<100> nano-wires to spontaneously change their orientation to<110> in Ni, Ag and Cu;in the case ofAu nanowireswith diameters less than 2 nm, a transformationto a body centered tetragonal structure has been observed.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…6 In addition, as the size of current shape-memory alloys shrinks towards the nano-scale, numerous problems and instabilities arise, including fatigue, micro-cracking, and oxidation. 14 In this regard, ferroelectric thin films may have potential advantages. 15 Interestingly, it was demonstrated very recently that a giant elastocaloric effect can be achieved in ferroelectric ultrathin films.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%