Phase study of titanium dioxide nanoparticle prepared via sol-gel process

Araoyinbo, Alaba O.; Salleh, Mohd Arif Anuar Mohd; Aziz, Nurul Nadia Abdul; Azmi, Azri

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/343/1/012011

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It also exists in mixed phases of rutile-anatase, anatase-brookite, and anatase-brookite-rutile phase [ 3 ]. Suggestions show that nanomaterial application depends highly on the crystal phase, morphology, and crystal size [ 4 ]. Rutile and anatase phases have been widely reported as photocatalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Muthee

Dejene

2021

Heliyon

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Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) were produced by simple sol-gel technique and annealed for 2 h in air. The impact of annealing temperature on the physical, morphological, photocatalytic, and optical properties was studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements proved that a gradual phase change from anatase to rutile occurred with increased annealing temperature. The crystal structures of the NPs were found to change at different temperatures; anatase phase at 450 °C, mixed-phase (anatase/Rutile) at 550–650 °C, and rutile phase at 750 °C. The rise in the annealing temperature improved the crystallinity of the NPs. The crystal and grain size of the NPs increased with the annealing temperature hence reducing the specific surface area due to the condensed boundaries between subunits of the NPs. As per the Kubelka-Munk equation, the bandgap reduced as the temperature elevated. The photocatalytic activity of the NPs was higher in the anatase/rutile mixed-phase than in the single anatase and rutile phase. Experimental results indicated that annealing temperature could effectively change the properties of the TiO 2 NPs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Muthee

Dejene

2021

Heliyon

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“…The XRD spectra of TiO 2 and its composites are shown in Figure 2b. Sharp peaks in the TiO 2 spectrum at 25.38° and 48.15° corresponding to (101) and (200) lattice planes indicated TiO 2 in its anatase phase (Araoyinbo, Abdullah, Salleh, Aziz, & Azmi, 2018; Thamaphat, Limsuwan, & Nagotawornchai, 2008). The small peaks around 22° and 55° indicated the rutile phase of TiO 2 (Sakurai & Mizusawa, 2010; Wang, Li, Huang, Li, & Li, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐cost nano‐TiO₂ composites for remediation of textile dyes: Appraisal on the effect of solar and ultraviolet irradiations

Kaur

Kalia

2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The study evaluates the azo dye degradation potential of nano‐TiO2; its composites with low‐cost substrates in the form of powder and encapsulated bead for two widely used azo dyes, methyl orange (MO) and congo red (CR) under solar and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Degradation potential varied according to the dye concentration, chemistry of dye, light source, and the formulation of the photocatalyst. Both the dyes were completely decolorized at 100 mg/L concentration and to some extent at 1,000 mg/L concentration. The activated charcoal‐titanium dioxide (AC‐TiO2) nanocomposite in the presence of solar radiations proved to be an economic and efficient substrate for degradation of the test dyes exhibiting combined action of adsorption and photocatalytic phenomena.

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“…In a real solution, the solute is dispersed uniformly in the solvent as an atom, molecule, or ion, and the particle size does not exceed 1 nm. If the particle size of the solvent is greater than 100 nm, the particles gradually settle to form a suspension mixture [46][47][48][49][50]. If the particle size varies between 1 and 100 nanometers, they usually remain scattered throughout the mixture, which is called colloid.…”

Section: Sol Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e rate of reaction of salts depends on various factors such as pH, concentration, type of solvent, and temperature [46,47]. e polymer gel formed from the density of the cell is a three-dimensional structure and is formed by joining the cavities [48][49][50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial by Sol‐Gel Method: Synthesis and Application

Bokov

Jalil

Chupradit

et al. 2021

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

474

159

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The sol-gel process is a more chemical method (wet chemical method) for the synthesis of various nanostructures, especially metal oxide nanoparticles. In this method, the molecular precursor (usually metal alkoxide) is dissolved in water or alcohol and converted to gel by heating and stirring by hydrolysis/alcoholysis. Since the gel obtained from the hydrolysis/alcoholysis process is wet or damp, it should be dried using appropriate methods depending on the desired properties and application of the gel. For example, if it is an alcoholic solution, the drying process is done by burning alcohol. After the drying stage, the produced gels are powdered and then calcined. The sol-gel method is a cost-effective method and due to the low reaction temperature there is good control over the chemical composition of the products. The sol-gel method can be used in the process of making ceramics as a molding material and can be used as an intermediate between thin films of metal oxides in various applications. The materials obtained from the sol-gel method are used in various optical, electronic, energy, surface engineering, biosensors, and pharmaceutical and separation technologies (such as chromatography). The sol-gel method is a conventional and industrial method for the synthesis of nanoparticles with different chemical composition. The basis of the sol-gel method is the production of a homogeneous sol from the precursors and its conversion into a gel. The solvent in the gel is then removed from the gel structure and the remaining gel is dried. The properties of the dried gel depend significantly on the drying method. In other words, the “removing solvent method” is selected according to the application in which the gel will be used. Dried gels in various ways are used in industries such as surface coating, building insulation, and the production of special clothing. It is worth mentioning that, by grinding the gel by special mills, it is possible to achieve nanoparticles.

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Phase study of titanium dioxide nanoparticle prepared via sol-gel process

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Low‐cost nano‐TiO₂ composites for remediation of textile dyes: Appraisal on the effect of solar and ultraviolet irradiations

Nanomaterial by Sol‐Gel Method: Synthesis and Application

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Phase study of titanium dioxide nanoparticle prepared via sol-gel process

Cited by 17 publications

References 9 publications

Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Low‐cost nano‐TiO2 composites for remediation of textile dyes: Appraisal on the effect of solar and ultraviolet irradiations

Nanomaterial by Sol‐Gel Method: Synthesis and Application

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Product

Resources

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Low‐cost nano‐TiO₂ composites for remediation of textile dyes: Appraisal on the effect of solar and ultraviolet irradiations