Phase structure of impact-modified polypropylene blends

Karger‐Kocsis, J.; Kalló, A.; Кулезнев, В. Н.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(84)90337-9

Cited by 182 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…3(a), fine particles ranging from 50 to 150 nm are observed. These structures are even finer than those typically reported in the literature [17][18][19][20][21][22]. As the concentration of the EPDM phase is increased to 20% it can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 44%

“…These results clearly indicate, in the viscosity ratio range used in this work, that the dispersed EPDM phase in EPDM/PP blends forms nano-scale fibers and challenges the current view of EPDM being dispersed as spherical particles in PP [18][19][20][51][52][53][54].…”

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 77%

“…Number average particle sizes as low as 0.2 mm have been reported in the literature for blends prepared via melt mixing [17][18][19][20][21][22] making this one of the finest blend morphologies reported in the polymer blend literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Typically in the literature, low concentrations of dispersed EPDM in PP blends are considered to be composed of spherical droplets dispersed in a PP matrix [18][19][20][51][52][53][54]. However, it is very difficult to infer the shape of the minor phase from 2-dimensional micrographs.…”

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Bhadane

Champagne

Huneault

et al. 2006

Polymer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension AbstractPhase continuity development and co-continuous morphologies are highly influenced by the nature of the interface in immiscible polymer blends. Blends of ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM) and polypropylene (PP) possess an interfacial tension of about 0.3 mN/m and provide an interesting model system to study the detailed morphology development in a very low interfacial tension binary system. A variety of blends with viscosity ratios of 0.2-5.0 and shear stresses of 11.7-231.4 kPa were considered. Using a variety of sophisticated morphology protocols it is shown that at low blend compositions, the dispersed phase actually exists as stable fibers of extremely small diameter of 50-200 nm and the continuity develops by fiber-fiber coalescence. An analysis using break-up times from Tomotika theory also supports the notion of highly stable dispersed fiber formation. These results challenge the current view of the dispersed phase as small spherical droplets. It is shown, under these conditions, that a seven-fold variation in the viscosity ratio has virtually no influence on % continuity or morphology, while a large change in the matrix shear stress from 11.7 to 90.9 kPa has an important effect on pore diameter. Both sides of the continuity diagram are studied and highly symmetrical continuity behavior is observed with composition. In fact a single master continuity curve is observed for these blends varying in viscosity ratio from 0.7-5.0 and with shear stresses from 11.7-90.9 kPa. Although the glass transition temperatures indicate that these materials are completely immiscible after melt mixing and cooling, it is shown that the blends demonstrate the morphological features of a partially miscible system. These results support a concept that the blend was partially miscible during melt blending, at which time the gross morphological features of the blend were developed, but becomes fully phase separated upon cooling. It appears that the quenching of the EPDM/PP blend from the melt is rapid enough to preserve the imprint of that partial miscibility on the gross blend morphology. q

show abstract

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 44%

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Epdm Minor Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Bhadane

Champagne

Huneault

et al. 2006

Polymer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Para a incorporação de resíduos particulados de pneus inservíveis em uma matriz polimérica, o tamanho de partícula da borracha e a adesão entre a matriz e a borracha moída são considerados os fatores principais no desempenho mecânico das misturas [23][24][25][26] . Na Figura 6, é mostrado que a adição de resíduos de pneus à matriz de polipropileno (PP) não resulta em um aumento da resistência ao impacto, mas apenas em uma manutenção dos valores da propriedade abaixo de 20 J.m -1 (região em negro no triângulo de composições).…”

Section: Resistência Ao Impactounclassified

Otimização de propriedades mecânicas de misturas ternárias de polipropileno (PP)/borracha de etileno-propileno-dieno (EPDM)/pó de pneus (SRT) sob tração e impacto usando a metodologia da superfície de resposta (MSR)

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Resumo: A metodologia da superfície de resposta (MSR) é uma coleção de técnicas estatísticas e matemáticas para desenvolver, melhorar e otimizar processos. Neste estudo, a técnica MSR foi aplicada na investigação do comportamento mecânico de diferentes misturas ternárias de PP/EPDM/SRT. Após a mistura apropriada em uma extrusora de dupla rosca co-rotante e a moldagem por injeção, as propriedades mecânicas (resistência à tração e a resistência ao impacto) foram determinadas e usadas como variáveis de resposta. A microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) foi usada para investigar a morfologia das diferentes misturas e interpretar os resultados. Com ferramentas estatísticas específicas, um número mínimo de experimentos permitiu o desenvolvimento de um modelo de superfície de resposta e a otimização das concentrações dos componentes de acordo com o desempenho mecânico. Valores elevados de resistência ao impacto são alcançados (>80 J.m -1 ) quando, de acordo com as condições experimentais estudadas, a mistura física de PP/EPDM/SRT mantém as proporções de EPDM e SRT em torno de 25%. Palavras-chave: MSR, PP, EPDM, pó de pneu. Optimization of Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene (PP)/Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer Rubber (EPDM)/Scrap Rubber Tire (SRT) Ternary Mixtures Under Tensile and Impact using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM)Abstract: The response surface methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques for developing, improving and optimizing processes. In this study, RSM technique was applied to the investigation of the mechanical behavior of different PP/EPDM/ SRT ternary mixtures. After appropriate processing in a co-rotating twin extruder and injection molding, the mechanical properties, such as tensile strength and impact strength, were determined and used as response variables. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used for investigating the morphology of the different blends and to interpret the results. With specific statistical tools, a minimum number of experiments allowed the response surface model to be developed and the concentrations of the components to be optimized according to the mechanical performance. High values of impact strength were reached (>80 J.m -1 ) when the PP/EPDM/SRT mixture had a EPDM/ SRT ratio of around 25%.

show abstract

Structure and properties of impact copolymer polypropylene. II. Phase structure and crystalline morphology

Hongjun

Luο

Xiangxu

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, an impact copolymer polypropylene (ICPP) was separated into 4 fractions, A, B, C, and D. The phase structure, thermal behavior, and crystalline morphology of the ICPP and its 4 fractions were studied thoroughly using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and polarized light microscopy (PLM). Results of SEM and DMA show that ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) and part of the ethylene-propylene segmented copolymer disperse as toughening particles in the ICPP. The size and size distribution of these particles are determined by chain structure of the fractions of ICPP. From fraction A to fraction D, the morphology changes from noncrystalline to semicrystalline gradually, as shown by DSC. DSC results also indicate that thermal behavior of the ICPP agrees greatly with its chain structure. PLM demonstrates that it is difficult for the ICPP to grow perfect spherulites, that is, partially, because the matrix of ICPP, fraction D, has defects in its macromolecular chain. Another cause is that there is a good compatible structure in the ICPP and so the noncrystalline component (including all fractions) hinders the growth of the spherulite.

show abstract

Phase structure of impact-modified polypropylene blends

Cited by 182 publications

References 19 publications

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Continuity development in polymer blends of very low interfacial tension

Otimização de propriedades mecânicas de misturas ternárias de polipropileno (PP)/borracha de etileno-propileno-dieno (EPDM)/pó de pneus (SRT) sob tração e impacto usando a metodologia da superfície de resposta (MSR)

Structure and properties of impact copolymer polypropylene. II. Phase structure and crystalline morphology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About