Phase Shift in an Atom Interferometer due to Spacetime Curvature across its Wave Function

Asenbaum, Peter; Overstreet, Chris; Kovachy, Timothy; Brown, D. D.; Hogan, Jason; Kasevich, Mark A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.183602

Cited by 223 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Recent proposals for the implementation of fundamental tests of the foundations of physics assume Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) [1,2] as sources of atom interferometry sensors [3][4][5][6]. In this context, atom chip devices have allowed to build transportable BEC machines with high repetition rates, as demonstrated within the Quantus project for instance [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast manipulation of Bose–Einstein condensates with an atom chip

et al. 2018

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We present a detailed theoretical analysis of the implementation of shortcut-to-adiabaticity protocols for the fast transport of neutral atoms with atom chips. The objective is to engineer transport ramps with durations not exceeding a few hundred milliseconds to provide metrologically relevant input states for an atomic sensor. Aided by numerical simulations of the classical and quantum dynamics, we study the behavior of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an atom chip setup with realistic anharmonic trapping. We detail the implementation of fast and controlled transports over large distances of several millimeters, i.e. distances 1000 times larger than the size of the atomic cloud. A subsequent optimized release and collimation step demonstrates the capability of our transport method to generate ensembles of quantum gases with expansion speeds in the picokelvin regime. The performance of this procedure is analyzed in terms of collective excitations reflected in residual center of mass and size oscillations of the condensate. We further evaluate the robustness of the protocol against experimental imperfections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast manipulation of Bose–Einstein condensates with an atom chip

et al. 2018

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“…Bose-Einstein condensate (BECs) are very small and extremely cold systems of a large number of atoms. These properties are famously exploited for high precision measurements of forces using atom interferometry [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Another method that utilizes BECs as sensors for forces is to measure the forces' effect on the collective oscillations of the atoms in the BEC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical response of Bose–Einstein condensates to oscillating gravitational fields

et al. 2018

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A description of the dynamical response of uniformly trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) to oscillating external gravitational fields is developed, with the inclusion of damping. Two different effects that can lead to the creation of phonons in the BEC are identified; direct driving and parametric driving. Additionally, the oscillating gravitational field couples phonon modes, which can lead to the transition of excitations between modes. The special case of the gravitational field of a small, oscillating sphere located closely to the BEC is considered. It is shown that measurement of the effects may be possible for oscillating source masses down to the milligram scale, with a signal to noise ratio of the order of 10. To this end, noise terms and variations of experimental parameters are discussed and generic experimental parameters are given for specific atom species. The results of this article suggest the utility of BECs as sensors for the gravitational field of very small oscillating objects which may help to pave the way towards gravity experiments with masses in the quantum regime.

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“…Matter-wave atom interferometry has rapidly grown in the last decade and is proving to be a powerful tool for investigation of fundamental and applied physics [1]. Precision interferometric devices are of particular interest in gravitational physics, where they allow highly accurate measurements of gravity acceleration [2], gravity gradients [3,4], gravity curvatures [5] and the Newtonian gravitational constant [6]. The investigation of novel interferometric schemes which implement atomic species other than the more commonly used alkali atoms is seeing increasing demand, particularly for dramatic improvements of fundamental tests of general relativity [7][8][9][10][11] and gravitational wave detection in the low-frequency regime [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bragg gravity-gradiometer using the¹S₀–³P₁intercombination transition of⁸⁸Sr

Aguila

Mazzoni

et al. 2018

New J. Phys.

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We present a gradiometer based on matter-wave interference of alkaline-earth-metal atoms, namely 88 Sr. The coherent manipulation of the atomic external degrees of freedom is obtained by largemomentum-transfer Bragg diffraction, driven by laser fields detuned away from the narrow 1 S 0 -3 P 1 intercombination transition. We use a well-controlled artificial gradient, realized by changing the relative frequencies of the Bragg pulses during the interferometer sequence, in order to characterize the sensitivity of the gradiometer. The sensitivity reaches 1.5×10 −5 s −2 for an interferometer time of 20 ms, limited only by geometrical constraints. We observed extremely low sensitivity of the gradiometric phase to magnetic field gradients, approaching a value 10 4 times lower than the sensitivity of alkali-atom based gradiometers, limited by the interferometer sensitivity. An efficient double-launch technique employing accelerated red vertical lattices from a single magneto-optical trap cloud is also demonstrated. These results highlight strontium as an ideal candidate for precision measurements of gravity gradients, with potential application in future precision tests of fundamental physics.

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Phase Shift in an Atom Interferometer due to Spacetime Curvature across its Wave Function

Cited by 223 publications

References 45 publications

Fast manipulation of Bose–Einstein condensates with an atom chip

Fast manipulation of Bose–Einstein condensates with an atom chip

Dynamical response of Bose–Einstein condensates to oscillating gravitational fields

Bragg gravity-gradiometer using the¹S₀–³P₁intercombination transition of⁸⁸Sr

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Phase Shift in an Atom Interferometer due to Spacetime Curvature across its Wave Function

Cited by 223 publications

References 45 publications

Fast manipulation of Bose–Einstein condensates with an atom chip

Fast manipulation of Bose–Einstein condensates with an atom chip

Dynamical response of Bose–Einstein condensates to oscillating gravitational fields

Bragg gravity-gradiometer using the1S0–3P1intercombination transition of88Sr

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Product

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About

Bragg gravity-gradiometer using the¹S₀–³P₁intercombination transition of⁸⁸Sr