Phase Separation and Colloidal Stability Change of Karamay Residue Oil during Thermal Reaction

Wang, Jiqian; Li, Chuan; Zhang, Longli; Deng, Wei; Que, Guohe

doi:10.1021/ef801149q

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Apparently, the increase of aromaticity and aromaticity condensation means components with higher N H /N C , such as saturated alkyl side chains or naphthenic rings, are cracked into light components, 22 which is verified by the decrease of N H / N C found in elemental analysis and the increase of saturates found from group compositions. In addition, the molar ratio of methylene and the methyl group in resins revealed by IR spectra 31 (Figure S5 and Table S5 of the Supporting Information) is decreased from 1.1 to 0.71, which also verifies the dissociation of the alkyl side chain from resins.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Spherical Poly(vinyl imidazole) Brushes Loading Nickel Cations as Nanocatalysts for Aquathermolysis of Heavy Crude Oil

Zou

Kuffner

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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Catalytic aquathermolysis in situ upgrading and reducing the viscosity of heavy oil in the reservoir remarkably enhances the recovery and is considered as a promising technology. However, the low catalytic efficiency and inferior dispersity in both water and oil limit its applications. In the present work, spherical polymer brush nanocatalysts were synthesized, in which nano-TiO2 is the core and poly(vinyl imidazole) (PVI)-loading nickel cations are polymer brushes. The chemical characteristics, polymer-grafting content, nickel-loading content, and morphology of as-prepared catalysts were characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The polymerization degree of PVI was analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra. The effects of the nickel-loading content, catalytic conditions, and hydrogen donor on the viscosity of heavy oil were studied. The results show that the heavy oil is catalytically cracked by the synthesized catalysts, which leads to the reduction of oil viscosity. The viscosity reduction is enhanced by the increase of the nickel-loading content, catalytic temperature, dosage of catalyst, and hydrogen donor. The rheological behaviors in terms of flow curve, thixotropy, viscoelasticity, and time dependence of cracked oil were studied. To explore the cracking mechanism, the four compositions of heavy oil before and after aquathermolysis were compared. The extracted asphaltenes and resins were further analyzed by elemental analysis, 1H NMR spectra, and IR spectroscopy. The organic compounds in reacted water were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. It is found that the content of light saturates is much increased after aquathermolysis, along with the distinct decrease of resins. From the structure change of resins, such as the decrease of hydrogen/carbon and methylene/methyl ratios and increase of aromaticity and aromaticity condensation, the increased light saturates are due to the dissociation of alkyl side chains in resins. In addition, the aromaticity and aromaticity condensation in asphaltenes are found decreased, which is because of the fragmentation and depolymerization of large aromatics. Meanwhile, the loss of oxygen in both asphaltenes and resins is connected with the phenols found in the reacted water, indicating the breakage of the C–O bond and heteroaromatic ring-open reaction in both asphaltenes and resins during aquathermolysis.

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Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Spherical Poly(vinyl imidazole) Brushes Loading Nickel Cations as Nanocatalysts for Aquathermolysis of Heavy Crude Oil

Zou

Kuffner

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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“…3 Results and discussion Table 2 presents data on the mass balance of the liquid products of atmospheric residue cracking in the presence of the WC/Ni-Cr additive and without it. A significant content of asphaltenes (10.5%) and coke (10.4%) in products of cracking without the use of the additive indicates that reactions of recombination of formed free radicals with condensed structure on the route hydrocarbons => resins => asphaltenes => coke prevail over destruction reactions (asphaltenes => resins => hydrocarbons => gas) (Dmitriev and Golovko 2010;Wang et al 2009). The content of resins in liquid products of cracking decreases almost 2 times (Table 2).…”

Section: Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Analysis (Gc-ms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of WC/Ni–Cr additive on changes in the composition of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking

et al. 2019

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The paper presents the results of investigation of changes in the composition of hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing compounds of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking in the presence of a tungsten carbide-nickel-chromium (WC/ Ni-Cr) catalytic additive and without it. The cracking is carried out in an autoclave at 500 °C for 30 min. The addition of the WC/Ni-Cr additive promotes the deepening of reactions of destruction not only of resins and asphaltenes, but also high molecular weight naphthene-aromatic compounds of the atmospheric residue. It is shown that the content of low molecular weight C 9-C 17 n-alkanes and C 9-C 10 alkylbenzenes rose sharply in the products of cracking with addition of WC/Ni-Cr in comparison with those produced without the additive. Alkyl-and naphthene-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons of benzene, naphthalene, phenanthrene series, polyarenes, benzo-and dibenzothiophenes are identified.

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“…(2) [35], where nCH 2 and nCH 3 are the number of methylene and methyl. A 1460 and A 1380 are the IR absorption at 1460cm -1 and 1380cm -1 .…”

Section: Molecular Structure Of Resin and Asphaltenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that part of resin cracks into saturate or aromatic, and meanwhile asphaltene cracks into resin during thermolysis. 35 The molecular weight of new resin from asphaltene might be larger than that of original resin, whereas the original resin weight became smaller after cracking. Thus, the overall average molecular weight only changed slightly although the contents of resin decreased largely.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquathermolysis of Heavy Crude Oil with Amphiphilic Nickel and Iron Catalysts

et al. 2014

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Two amphiphilic catalysts (i.e. metal dodecylbenzenesulfonates, noted as C 12 BSNi and C 12 BSFe) were synthesized and characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), element analysis (EA), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and thermogravimetric (TGA). Their interfacial activities were determined using a surface tensiometer and an interfacial tensiometer. Both catalysts are interfacial active and thermostable enough for heavy oil aquathermolysis. Their performance on heavy oil aquathermolysis was assessed in an autoclave.According to the viscosity reduction results, the synthesized amphiphilic catalysts are more effective than water soluble or oil soluble catalysts, with C 12 BSNi more efficient than C 12 BSFe.The average molecular weight, group compositions, and average molecular structure of heavy oil samples were analyzed using EA, FT-IR, and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) before and after aquathermolysis reaction. And the results show that both catalysts caused the change of molecular structures in heavy oil. The change of asphaltene and resin molecular structures and decrease of their contents are crucially important to the reduction of viscosity. C 12 BSNi causes more changes of the asphaltene than C 12 BSFe, while C 12 BSFe is beneficial to the breakage of C-S bonds in asphlatenes and resins.

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Phase Separation and Colloidal Stability Change of Karamay Residue Oil during Thermal Reaction

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Spherical Poly(vinyl imidazole) Brushes Loading Nickel Cations as Nanocatalysts for Aquathermolysis of Heavy Crude Oil

Spherical Poly(vinyl imidazole) Brushes Loading Nickel Cations as Nanocatalysts for Aquathermolysis of Heavy Crude Oil

Effect of WC/Ni–Cr additive on changes in the composition of an atmospheric residue in the course of cracking

Aquathermolysis of Heavy Crude Oil with Amphiphilic Nickel and Iron Catalysts

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