Phase‐manipulable synthesis of Cu‐based nanomaterials using ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methyl‐imidazole tetrafluoroborate

Abstract

Using the ionic liquid (IL), 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazole tetrafluoroborate, and the precursor Cu 7 Cl 4 (OH) 10 ⋅H 2 O, series of phase-manipulable Cu-based nanomaterials were synthesized by hydrothermal and microwave assisted routes, respectively. The structural characters of the as-prepared CuO, CuO/Cu 2 O composites and pure Cu nanoparticles were investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM and HRTEM, and their surface photovoltaic properties were studied by surface photovoltage spectra. Via hydrothermal route Cu 2+ ions were found to be reduced gradually into Cu + and subsequently Cu 0 with increasing the IL, and various phase ratio of CuO, Cu 2 O and Cu composite nanosheets and pure Cu nanoparticles were obtained. This implies that the IL could function as both a reductant in the oxygen-starved condition and a template for the nanosheet products. The 1 H-NMR result of the IL supports it being a reductant. In microwave assisted route, however, only monoclinic single crystalline CuO nanosheets were obtained, which indicates the IL being a template only in oxygen-rich condition. Therefore, the crystal phase, composition and morphology of the Cu-based products could be controlled by simply adjusting the quantity of the IL and oxygen in solution routes. The molecular structure of the IL after oxidation reactions was investigated by 1 H-NMR and a possible reaction mechanism was proposed.

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of Inorganic Nanostructures in Liquid Phase

“…The microwave-assisted ionic liquid method has been proven to be suitable for the rapid synthesis of a variety of elemental and compound nanostructures, including Au, − Co, , Mn, , Cr, Mo, W, Re, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Gd 4 F 3 , Te, C, ZnO, − Fe 2 O 3 , − Fe 3 O 4 , , FeOOH, SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 :Sn, CuO, ,− MnO 2 , Mn 3 O 4 , 3PbO·H 2 O, PbO, TiO 2 , , CeO 2 , ZnFe 2 O 4 , PbCrO 4 , Pb 2 CrO 5 , MgF 2 , CaF 2 , SrF 2 , , FeF 2 , CoF 2 , ZnF 2 , REF 3 (RE = La–Lu, Y), ,− NaYF 4 , Zn­(OH)­F, − β-Co­(OH) 2 , β-Ni­(OH) 2 , Cd­(OH) 2 , La­(OH) 3 , ZnS, , CdS, Bi 2 S 3 , Sb 2 S 3 , Bi 2 Se 3 , Bi 2 Te 3 , CdTe, LaPO 4 :Ce,Tb, , NH 4 Fe 2 (PO 4 ) 2 OH·2H 2 O, CoC 2 O 4 , Cu/C, Ni/C, Pt/carbon nanotubes, Rh/carbon nanotubes, Pt–Ru/carbon nanotubes, Ru/graphene, Rh/graphene, and c...…”

Solvothermal synthesis of mesoporous slabstone‐like TiO2 and its photodegradation preference in a methyl orange‐rhodamine B mixture solution

“…Moreover, there is a weak absorption band in the visible light region for the as‐synthesized TiO 2 , which indicates a stronger light scattering ability due to its larger secondary particle sizes 35 of the TiO 2 slabstones (see figure 3). The band gap energies of the slabstone‐like TiO 2 and P25 were estimated by making a tangent line across the band edge at long wavelength direction 36,37, which are 2.96 eV and 3.11 eV for P25 and the sample, respectively.…”

New Developments in Material Preparation Using a Combination of Ionic Liquids and Microwave Irradiation

“…CuO synthesis by MAIL methods can change the structure of nano-CuO, improve its performance or increase the reaction efficiency. Different morphologies of CuO were prepared by MAIL methods: Nanosheets and nano-whiskers [64], flower- and leaf-like nanomaterials [65], feather- and flower-like crystals [66], CuO NPs [67] and CuO/Cu 2 O composites [68].…”