Phase I Dose-Escalation Trial of SB1518, a Novel JAK2/FLT3 Inhibitor, in Acute and Chronic Myeloid Diseases, Including Primary or Post-Essential Thrombocythemia/ Polycythemia Vera Myelofibrosis.

Abstract

3905 Poster Board III-841 Mutation of Janus Associated Kinase 2 (JAK2) at amino acid 617 and the resulting constitutively active JAK2V617F enzyme has been linked to the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Fms-like Kinase 3 (FLT3) is a receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by immature hematopoietic cells. FLT3 abnormalities are present in ∼30% of acute myelogenous leukemias (AML). SB1518 is a potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of both JAK2 (IC50 = 22 nM) and its JAK2V617F mutant (IC50 = 19 nM) that is selective for JAK2 inhibition compared to JAK1 and JAK3 (58 and 24 fold, respectively). It also potently inhibits FLT3 (IC50 = 22 nM) and its mutant D835Y (IC50 = 6 nM). SB1518 inhibits proliferation of human leukemia and lymphoma cell lines dependent on either JAK2 or FLT3 activation (IC50 =35-240 nM), and has antitumor activity in nude mouse models of FLT3- (MV4-11) or JAK2-dependent (BaF3-JAK2V617F) leukemia. Based on these encouraging data, SB1518 is being evaluated in subjects with acute and chronic myeloid diseases in a Phase I dose escalation study. Objectives of the trial are to determine the safety, tolerability and PK/PD profile of SB1518 when administered orally once daily continuously in 28-day cycles. Thirty-six patients have been enrolled to date and treated at 6 dose levels, from 100-600 mg daily: 31/36 myelofibrosis (MF), 5/36 AML. Median number of prior therapies was 2. At 600 mg, 3 of 6 patients experienced dose-limiting toxicity (GI symptoms requiring drug interruption). All 3 recovered and restarted SB1518 at a reduced dose. The most common related adverse events have been diarrhea 33% (4% Grade 3), nausea 13% (all Grade 1/2), and thrombocytopenia 4% (all Grade 3/4). Four deaths have occurred due to disease progression or intercurrent illness. To date, twenty-two patients remain on study and enrollment is on-going. Thirteen patients have been treated for ≥6 months and 3 ≥1 year. 21 MF patients are evaluable for response: 7/17 (41%) with palpable splenomegaly had a decrease in spleen size by physical exam of ≥ 35%, of which 4 (24%) had a decrease of ≥50%. SB1518 was rapidly absorbed with Tmax of 3-5 hours and mean elimination half-life of 2-3 days. There was no drug accumulation after repeated cycles of administration. Pharmacologically active levels were achieved at the starting dose level of 100 mg based on target efficacy biomarker assessment. Measurement of pSTAT3 and pSTAT5 in fixed whole blood and lysed peripheral blood mononuclear cells on the first day of dosing showed inhibition of pSTAT3 and pSTAT5 4-6 hours post dose at all dose levels. In conclusion, SB1518 was well tolerated at doses up to 500 mg daily in advanced patients with MF and AML, and shows promising clinical activity in MF patients with splenomegaly. Disclosures: Wood: S*BIO PTE LTD: Employment. Ethirajulu:S*BIO PTE LTD: Employment. Lowe:S*BIO PTE LTD: Consultancy. Zhu:S*BIO PTE LTD: Employment.

Treatment options for hydroxyurea‐refractory disease complications in myeloproliferative neoplasms: JAK2 inhibitors, radiotherapy, splenectomy and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

“…Clinical trials with XL019 (JAK1/JAK3 selectivity of x67/98) (28) were interrupted because of concerns regarding neurologic toxicity. Early results with SB1518 (JAK1/JAK3 selectivity of x58/24) (29) in MF suggest activity against splenomegaly, whereas only 4 of 22 JAK2 V617F‐positive patients with MF treated with CEP‐701 (JAK1/JAK3 selectivity of x?/3) (30) displayed spleen response. Both SB1518 and CEP‐701 are associated with substantial gastrointestinal side effects including nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.…”

Emerging treatment options for myelofibrosis: focus on pacritinib

“…In a Phase I study of pacritinib in myeloid diseases, including 31 patients with MF and five patients with AML, the mean time to peak concentration ( T max ) ranged from 3 to 5 hours, and the mean elimination half-life ( t 1/2 ) was 2–3 days. 42 The other Phase I study with 20 MF patients produced similar results: T max ranged from 3 to 6 hours, while t 1/2 was 22–55 hours. 43 In both studies, pacritinib was administered orally once daily in 28-day cycles at doses ranging from 100 to 600 mg. Pharmacologically active levels were achieved at all doses.…”

Experimental therapeutics for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasias

“…Seven of 17 (41%) patients with splenomegaly had a decrease in spleen size by ≥35%. Overall, SB1518 was well tolerated at doses up to 500 mg daily in patients with advanced MF and was found to lead to a reduction in spleen size 72…”