Phase evolution from rod-like ZnO to plate-like zinc hydroxysulfate during electrochemical deposition

Effect of polar and non-polar surfaces of ZnO nanostructures on photocatalytic properties

“…In the structure of wurtzite ZnO, Zn 2+ and O 2− ions stack alternatively along the c-axis, resulting in the Zn-terminated (0001) plane and the O-terminated (0 0 01) plane become polarized [42,43]. The {1 01 0} planes are composed of equivalent O 2− and Zn 2+ ions at the same planes, and that is why they are the nonpolar planes with the lowest surface energy [42,44].…”

Room temperature synthesis of ZnO nanoflowers on Si substrate via seed-layer assisted solution route

“…Manipulation of their sub-structure and morphology has arisen many interests in recent years [8,9]. So far, a variety of Zn nanostructures such as nanowires, nanorods, nanodots, nanotubes, nanosheets, nanobelts, nanoribbons, nanorings, nanoaeroplanes, nanocombs, nanobridges and nanonails have been synthesized via various physical and chemical fabrication techniques [10][11][12][13][14][15]. These methods include vapor phase transport process, chemical vapor deposition, thermal evaporation process, electrodeposition, hydrothermal, self-assembly, and template-assisted sol-gel process [16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Effects of introduced electrolytes on galvanic deposition of ZnO films

“…Therefore, in K 2 SO 4 electrolyte, the anodic dissolution of Zn sheet and the reduction of oxygen make Zn 2+ ions and OH − ions respectively congregate in the vicinity of anode and cathode, consequently results in a higher ionic product of zinc hydroxysulfate. Subsequently, sheet-like zinc hydroxysulfate precipitates near the cathode and grows on the substrate [27].…”

“…Among these methods, electrochemical deposition has many advantages over high temperature processes for its simplicity, low cost and easy control. Therefore, after the pioneer studies on electrochemical deposition of ZnO films by Izaki and Omi [19] and Peulon and Lincot [20], the effects of various process parameters including precursor [25,26], electrolyte [27], temperature [28], substrate [29,30] and electrochemical parameter [31,32], on the growth of ZnO films have been explored in detail.…”