Phase equilibrium, structure, and rheological properties of the carboxymethyl cellulose-water system

Abstract

Abstract-The phase transitions, structure, and rheological properties of the carboxymethyl cellulose-water system were studied via the turbidity point method, viscometry, polarization microscopy, and the turbidity spectrum method as well as with a polarization photoelectric unit. The regions of existence of the isotropic and anisotropic phases, the gel point, and the concentration dependence of the supramolecular particle size were determined. Magnetic field application results in a gain in the viscosities of carboxymethyl cellulose solutions.

Polymer Rheology

“…The application of the magnetic field leads to development of the domain structure as a result of additional orientation of macromolecules in the field. Similar data were obtained for other systems having liquid crystalline transitions [57,58,62,70,71,73,75,76]. In accordance with [32,86,87], macromolecules orient in the magnetic field with their long chains arranged parallel to the force lines.…”

“…However, the viscosity of the PDMS-aerosil system in the field grows substantially, although the viscosity of PDMS does not change in a magnetic field. An increase in the viscosity of polymer solutions under application of a magnetic field is observed for a series of cellulose ethersolvent systems, i.e., for the polymers with the moderate chain rigidity [70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. According to the developed theory of interaction between diamagnetic macromolecules and their associates with the magnetic field [31][32][33], the effect of the field can manifest itself under the following conditions: a particle must be anisodiametrical; the particle volume must be higher than the corresponding critical value Vcr; and the medium must be low-viscosity.…”

“…It should be noted that up to now there is only one theoretical [69] and some experimental works [70][71][72][73][74][75][76] in which an influence of the magnetic field on rheological properties of polymer solutions is considered. Note that practically no information is available on the relaxation character of the rheological behavior of polymer solutions in the magnetic field.…”

Phase diagrams and rheological properties of cellulose ether solutions in magnetic field

“…During the analysis of the above dependences, it should be taken into consideration that the magnetic field is responsible for the additional organization of macromolecules, as a result, the large supramolecular particles are formed [50][51][52]. This effect should appear as an increase in viscosity.…”

“…Owing to additional orientation of such macromolecules induced by a magnetic field, the temperature-concentration region of existence of liquid crystalline phases extends and additional self-assembly of macromolecules appears [11,39,[47][48][49][50]. However, little is known about the effect of a magnetic field on the viscosity of polymer solutions [51,52]. The aim of this study was to investigate the phase transitions and rheological properties of the cellulose derivative solutions in the presence and absence of a magnetic field.…”