Phase equilibrium measurements and thermodynamic modelling for the system (CO2+ethyl palmitate+ethanol) at high pressures

High Pressure Phase Equilibria of the CO2/Saturated Ethyl Esters Homologous Series

“…The difference between the CO 2 /ethyl tetradecanoate data of Crampon et al and that measured in this work is less than 1 MPa and therefore the data presented here can be regarded to compare well to that of Crampon et al 2 and Table 3, gray filled markers indicate literature data). Comparison of the CO 2 /ethyl hexadecanoate measured data with that of Crampon et al 4 and Gaschi et al 5 is presented in Figure 2 (b). While the data generally compares well, it is observed that the data from this work is at times up to 1 MPa higher than that of Crampon et al and Gaschi et al As noted above, the verification data of Crampon et al is at times 1 MPa lower than that of Zou et al 20 Crampon et al also found that for the CO 2 /ethyl octadecanoate system their data is also slightly lower than that of Bharath et al 1 To substantiate the possible scatter in data, Figure 3 shows a plot data from three different literature sources 1,2,4 for the system CO 2 /ethyl octadecanoate.…”

“…However, while no three phase regions were observed, it may be that they are present in these systems, only at composition−temperature conditions not considered in this work. Brandalize et al 2 and Gaschi et al 5 observed liquid−liquid immiscibility and vapor−liquid−liquid equilibria at temperatures close to the critical point of CO 2 for the systems CO 2 /ethyl hexadecanoate and CO 2 /ethyl octadecanoate.…”

“…Very little low temperature behavior studies have been conducted. Gaschi et al 5 and Brandalize et al 2 both observed low temperature vapor−liquid−liquid and liquid−liquid equilibria for the systems CO 2 /ethyl hexadecanoate and CO 2 / ethyl octadecanote, respectively. However, no critical end point or further three phase behavior is currently available.…”

“…• Ethyl octadecanoate (ethyl stearate, C18EE): Bharath et al,1 Brandalize et al,2 (from the same group at Gaschi et al5 ) and Crampon et al4 all measured phase behavior data for the system CO 2 /ethyl octadecanoate. Bharath et al and Crampon et al measured data at 313.2, 323.2, and 333.2 K, while Brandalize et al covered the range 303.2 to 353.2 K in 10 K increments.…”

Thermodynamic Modeling of High-pressure Equilibrium Data for the Systems L-lactic Acid + (Propane + Ethanol) and L-lactic Acid + (Carbon Dioxide + Ethanol)

“…As briefly presented in our previous works [9,[13][14][15][16] the mixture parameter for vdW2 can be summarized as (1) (2) with (3) and (4) where a i and b i are the parameters of the pure compounds [10], and l ij and k ij are adjustable parameters.…”