Phase Diagram of Vortices in Superfluid<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>H</mml:mi><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">A</mml:mi></mml:math>

Parts, Ü.; Karimäki, J. M.; Koivuniemi, J.H.; Krusius, M.; Ruutu, V. M. H.; Thuneberg, E. V.; Volovik, G. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.3320

Cited by 144 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…2(d). This may be contrasted with the vortex energetics of coreless and singular vortices in superfluid liquid 3 He-A, where the singular vortex has lower energy, but the energy barrier for nucleation of the singular core is higher than that for forming a coreless vortex [66]. Singular vortices can be created by cooling a rotating normal fluid through the superfluid transition.…”

Section: Stability and Core Deformation Of A Singular Ferromagnementioning

confidence: 99%

Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate

2012

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We analyze the structure and stability of singular singly quantized vortices in a rotating spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that the singular vortex can be energetically stable in both the ferromagnetic and polar phases despite the existence of a lower-energy nonsingular coreless vortex in the ferromagnetic phase. The spin-1 system exhibits an energetic hierarchy of length scales resulting from different interaction strengths, and we find that the vortex cores deform to a larger size determined by the characteristic length scale of the spin-dependent interaction. We show that in the ferromagnetic phase the resulting stable core structure, despite apparent complexity, can be identified as a single polar core with an axially symmetric density profile which is nonvanishing everywhere. In the polar phase, the energetically favored core deformation leads to a splitting of a singly quantized vortex into a pair of half-quantum vortices that preserves the topology of the vortex outside the extended core region, but breaks the axial symmetry of the core. The resulting half-quantum vortices exhibit nonvanishing ferromagnetic cores.

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Section: Stability and Core Deformation Of A Singular Ferromagnementioning

confidence: 99%

Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate

2012

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“…Substituting the running coupling from Eq. (57) and taking into account that the number of the fermionic species in 3 He-A is N F = N F R + N F L = 2, one obtains the gap in the spectrum of the high-frequency orbital waves (called also the normal flapping mode)…”

Section: Mass Of Hyperphotonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. The presence of ATC vortices and their number is extracted from the NMR absorption spectrum, which contains the satellite peaks coming from different types of vortices [57]. The position of the satellite peak indicates the type of vortex, while the intensity is proportional to the number of vortices of this type.…”

Section: E Instability Towards Magnetogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Axial anomaly in 3He-A:

Volovik

1998

Physica B: Condensed Matter

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The gapless fermionic excitations in superfluid 3 He-A have a "relativistic" spectrum close to the gap nodes. They are the counterpart of chiral particles (left-handed and right-handed) in high energy physics above the electroweak transition. We discuss the effective gravity and effective gauge fields induced by these massless fermions in the low-energy corner. The interaction of the chiral fermions with the gauge field in 3 He-A is discussed in detail. It gives rise to the effect of axial anomaly: Conversion of charge from the coherent motion of the condensate (vacuum) to the quasiparticles (matter). The charge of the quasiparticles is thus not conserved. In other words, matter can be created without creating antimatter. This effect is instrumental for vortex dynamics, in which the vortex is the mediator of conversion of linear momentum from the condensate to the normal component via spectral flow in the vortex core. The same effect leads to the instability of the counterflow in 3 He-A, in which the flow of the normal component (incoherent degrees of freedom) is transformed to the order parameter texture (coherent degrees of freedom). We discuss the analogues of these phenomena in high energy physics. The conversion of the momentum from the vortex to the heat bath is equivalent to the nonconservation of baryon number in the presence of textures and cosmic strings. The counterflow instability is equivalent to the generation of the hypermagnetic field via the axial anomaly. We discuss also an analogue of axions and different sources of the mass of the "hyperphoton" in 3 He-A.

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“…The pseudospin texture in the α-phase is similar to the texture of the order parameterl in the structure of a locked vortex (LV1) in a rotating superfluid 3 He-A. 17 When we approach the interface, spin domains are formed with a domain wall that connects two pairs of up-spin and down-spin (pairs of the original vortices), as shown in Figs. 4(b) and 4(e).…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Boojums in Rotating Two-Component Bose–Einstein Condensates

Takeuchi

Tsubota

2006

J. Phys. Soc. Jpn.

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A boojum is a topological defect that can form only on the surface of an ordered medium such as superfluid 3 He and liquid crystals. We study theoretically boojums appearing between two phases with different vortex structures in two-component BECs where the intracomponent interaction is repulsive in one phase and attractive in the other. The detailed structure of the boojums is revealed by investigating its density distribution, effective superflow vorticity and pseudospin texture.

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Phase Diagram of Vortices in Superfluid3He−A

Abstract: Parts, Ü.; Karimäki, J.; Koivuniemi, J.; Krusius, M.; Ruutu, V.; Thuneberg, E.; Volovik, Grigory Phase diagram of vortices in superfluid 3He-A

Cited by 144 publications

References 19 publications

Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate

Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate

Axial anomaly in 3He-A:

Boojums in Rotating Two-Component Bose–Einstein Condensates

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