Phase-dependent responses of Per1 and Per2 genes to a light-stimulus in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat

Miyake, Shigeru; Sumi, Yasuo; Yan, Lili; Takekida, Shigeki; Fukuyama, Tsuyoshi; Ishida, Yoshiki; Yamaguchi, Shun; Yagita, Kazuhiro; Okamura, Hitoshi

doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01545-7

Cited by 95 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Miyake et al (2000) observed significant induction of Per1 expression in the rat SCN by light pulses during the subjective night at times when endogenous expression is low, but no induction during the subjective day when endogenous expression is high. The induction was observed mainly in the ventrolateral SCN which receives most of the direct retinal inputs, suggesting that light-induced release of glutamate and/or PACAP induced the Per1 expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…6). The peak phase of SCN cultures were not reset when they were prepared at ZT 5 or 11 as judged by the fact that their phases in vitro corresponded to the peak phase of the Per1 expression in vivo determined by in situ hybridization (Miyake et al, 2000;Asai et al, 2001). We did not measure the transgene expression pattern in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average phases (±SEM) are plotted against time (ZT) of SCN slice preparation (n=6-14/group). Arrowhead on the Y-axis indicates the peak phase of SCN Per1 expression obtained by in situ measurements (Miyake et al, 2000;Asai et al, 2001). Broken line indicates the general shape of the Per1-luc expression rhythm from cultures (n=6) made at ZT 11 in arbitrary units [Note that when Per1 expression is high the culture procedure does not reset peak phase (c.f.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6). The cultures prepared at ZT 5 and ZT 11 showed Per1-luc expression rhythms with peaks around ZT 6, which corresponds to the peak phase of endogenous Per1 expression determined by in situ hybridization in rat SCN (Miyake et al, 2000;Asai et al, 2001). Therefore, cultures prepared at these times were not reset by the procedure.…”

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confidence: 94%

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Effects of Preparation Time on Phase of Cultured Tissues Reveal Complexity of Circadian Organization

Yoshikawa¹,

Yamazaki

Menaker

2005

J Biol Rhythms

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The phases of central (SCN) and peripheral circadian oscillators are held in specific relationships under LD cycles, but in the absence of external rhythmic input may damp or drift out of phase with each other. Rats exposed to prolonged constant light become behaviorally arrhythmic, perhaps as a consequence of dissociation of phases among SCN cells. We asked whether individual central and peripheral circadian oscillators were rhythmic in LL treated arrhythmic rats and, if rhythmic, what were the phase relationships among them. We prepared SCN, pineal gland, pituitary and cornea cultures from transgenic Per1-luc rats whose body temperature and locomotor activity were arrhythmic, and from several groups of rhythmic rats held in LD, DD, and short-term LL. We measured mPer1 gene expression by recording light output with sensitive photomultipliers. Most of the cultures from all groups displayed circadian rhythms. This could reflect persistent rhythmicity in vivo prior to culture, or, alternatively, rhythmicity that may have been initiated by the culture procedure. To test this we cultured tissues at two different times 12 h apart and asked whether phase of the rhythm was related to culture time. The pineal, pituitary and SCN cultures showed partial or complete dependence of phase on culture time, while peak phases of the cornea cultures were independent of culture time in rhythmic rats, and were randomly distributed regardless of culture time in arrhythmic animals. These results suggest that in behaviorally arrhythmic rats oscillators in the pineal, pituitary and SCN had been arrhythmic or severely damped in vivo while the cornea oscillator was free-running. The peak phases of the SCN cultures were particularly sensitive to some aspect of the culture procedure since rhythmicity of SCN cultures from robustly rhythmic LDentrained rats was strongly influenced when the procedure was carried out at any time except the second half of the day. Keywords circadian organization; Period1; constant light; suprachiasmatic nucleus; pineal; pituitary; cornea; culture While the molecular mechanisms that generate circadian oscillations within cells have been extensively studied (Reppert and Weaver 2002;Lowrey and Takahashi, 2004), understanding of the mechanisms that connect the molecular framework to physiological function and behavior is still limited (Buijs et al., 2003). We have approached these questions using a transgenic rat model carrying a luciferase gene under the control of the mouse Period1 (Per1) promoter. SCN cultures from these animals express circadian oscillations of Per1-luc expression indefinitely, while oscillations in cultured peripheral tissues damp after several cycles (Yamazaki et al., 2000). The phases of central and peripheral circadian oscillators are held in specific relationships under light-dark (LD) cycles (Yamazaki et al., 2000;Abe et al., 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed: Michael Menaker Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903; Tel: 434-982-5767; F...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of Preparation Time on Phase of Cultured Tissues Reveal Complexity of Circadian Organization

Yoshikawa¹,

Yamazaki

Menaker

2005

J Biol Rhythms

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“…Likewise, both laboratory rats and the diurnal Nile grass rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) have a SCN subregion marked by CalB (Arvanitogiannis et al, 2000;Mahoney et al, 2000). In rats (Miyake et al, 2000) and mice (Shigeyoshi et al, 1997), light-induced Per1 expression is primarily restricted to the SCN core, whereas endogenously rhythmic Per1 mRNA is seen in the shell. In mice carrying a null mutation of the VIP receptor VPAC(2), rhythms in behavior and clock gene expression are disrupted (Harmar et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted Microlesions Reveal Novel Organization of the Hamster Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Kriegsfeld¹,

LeSauter²,

Silver³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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Circadian clocks in changing weather and seasons: Lessons from the picoalga Ostreococcus tauri

et al. 2012

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Daylight is the primary cue used by circadian clocks to entrain to the day/night cycle so as to synchronize physiological processes with periodic environmental changes induced by Earth rotation. However, the temporal daylight pattern is not the same every day due to erratic weather fluctuations or regular seasonal changes. Then, how do circadian clocks operate properly in varying weather and seasons? In this paper, we discuss the strategy unveiled by recent studies of the circadian clock of Ostreococcus tauri, the smallest free-living eukaryotic organism. It combines mechanisms controlling light inputs and clock sensitivity, shaping both the dynamics of the core circadian oscillator and its forcing by light so as to ensure stable and precise synchronization in all weather and seasons.

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Phase-dependent responses of Per1 and Per2 genes to a light-stimulus in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat

Cited by 95 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of Preparation Time on Phase of Cultured Tissues Reveal Complexity of Circadian Organization

Effects of Preparation Time on Phase of Cultured Tissues Reveal Complexity of Circadian Organization

Targeted Microlesions Reveal Novel Organization of the Hamster Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Circadian clocks in changing weather and seasons: Lessons from the picoalga Ostreococcus tauri

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