Abstract:Phase shifting of scattered or non-scattered waves into antiphase with respect to each other has provided the most advantageous optical contrasting technique for light microscopy. Analogously, attempts have been made in electron microscopy to achieve phase contrast, both in-focus and out-of-focus. Results have been complicated by lens aberrations, power supply instabilities, interpretation of defocused images and, in the case of lattice images, by the question of the actual imaging mode.Defocus contrast has be… Show more
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