Phase Change and Phenology in Trees

Brunner, Amy M.; Varkonyi‐Gasic, Erika; Jones, Rebecca

doi:10.1007/7397_2016_30

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 299 publications

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“…Interestingly, genes previously implicated in bud‐break in Populus were not identified (e.g. phytochromes, DAM genes, CONSTANS , FLOWERING TIME , EBB1 ) nor were those highlighted throughout dormancy (Howe et al ., ; Brunner et al ., ). Our study does not imply that these genes are not involved in dormancy and/or bud‐break processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During this time, the bud also acclimatizes to cold, becoming hardened to survive overwintering and freezing temperatures. The dynamic nature of bud dormancy is reflected in the concept of ‘depth of dormancy’ (cf Brunner et al ., ) as dormancy‐releasing signals, such as temperature, can act in a cumulative manner to modify the duration of bud dormancy. The period following bud set and lasting through winter is monitored by plants and often interpreted in quantitative terms of accumulated ‘chilling units’ (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the genetics of the physiological mechanisms underlying these intrinsic factors, such as chilling and heat sum requirements, and response to environmental cues have yet to be fully integrated (Kramer et al ., ; Chuine et al ., ). Particular genes implicated in bud‐break and dormancy of woody plants include phytochromes and hormone signalling genes (reviewed in Cooke et al ., ; Howe et al ., ; Brunner et al ., ). A set of dormancy‐associated MADS‐box transcription factors (DAM genes) was identified regulating endodormancy induction and release (Bielenberg et al ., ; Horvath et al ., ; Jiménez et al ., ; Ríos et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In temperate and boreal environments, the most evident occurrence of cyclical dormancy in deciduous trees and shrubs is the overwintering of buds followed by spring bud‐break, canopy flush and new growth (Cooke et al ., ). This induction and subsequent release of bud dormancy is adaptive, with strong effects on plant survivorship to climate and significant impacts on overall biomass gain (reviewed in Saxe et al ., ; Cooke et al ., ; Brunner et al ., ). The timing of bud‐break is presumed to balance the need to maximize growing season length while minimizing risks of spring frost damage and/or dehydration following premature bud‐break (Lechowicz, ; Cannell & Smith, ; Heide, ; Farmer, ; Saxe et al ., ; Körner et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological genomics of variation in bud‐break phenology and mechanisms of response to climate warming in Populus trichocarpa

et al. 2018

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Spring bud-break phenology is a critical adaptive feature common to temperate perennial woody plants. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of variation in bud-break is important for elucidating adaptive evolution and predicting outcomes relating to climate change. Field and controlled growth chamber tests were used to assess population-wide patterns in bud-break from wild-sourced black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) genotypes. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from whole genome sequencing to test for loci underlying variation in bud-break. Bud-break had a quadratic relationship with latitude, where southern- and northern-most provenances generally broke bud earlier than those from central parts of the species' range. Reduced winter chilling increased population-wide variation in bud-break, whereas greater chilling decreased variation. GWAS uncovered 16 loci associated with bud-break. Phenotypic changes connected with allelic variation were replicated in an independent set of P. trichocarpa trees. Despite phenotypic similarities, genetic profiles between southern- and northern-most genotypes were dissimilar based on our GWAS-identified SNPs. We propose that the GWAS-identified loci underpin the geographical pattern in P. trichocarpa and that variation in bud-break reflects different selection for winter chilling and heat sum accumulation, both of which can be affected by climate warming.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological genomics of variation in bud‐break phenology and mechanisms of response to climate warming in Populus trichocarpa

et al. 2018

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“…Perennial growth is a fundamental feature of forest trees that is not shared by herbaceous annual model plants such as Arabidopsis or maize. Temperate trees have strictly regulated phenology, controlling the timing of onset of dormancy in preparation for winter and the breaking of dormancy and initiation of growth in the spring (15). Phenology thus describes adaptive traits that balance maximizing the growing season while minimizing the danger of frost damage (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive genomic scan reveals gene dosage balance impacts on quantitative traits inPopulustrees

Bastiaanse

Zinkgraf

Canning

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Gene dosage variation and the associated changes in gene expression influence a wide variety of traits, ranging from cancer in humans to yield in plants. It is also expected to affect important traits of ecological and agronomic importance in forest trees, but this variation has not been systematically characterized or exploited. Here we performed a comprehensive scan of the Populus genome for dosage-sensitive loci affecting quantitative trait variation for spring and fall phenology and biomass production. The study population was a large collection of clonally propagated F1 hybrid lines of Populus that saturate the genome 10-fold with deletions and insertions (indels) of known sizes and positions. As a group, the phenotypic means of the indel lines consistently differed from control nonindel lines, with an overall negative effect of both insertions and deletions on all biomass-related traits but more diverse effects and an overall wider phenotypic distribution of the indel lines for the phenology-related traits. We also investigated the correlation between gene dosage at specific chromosomal locations and phenotype, to identify dosage quantitative trait loci (dQTL). Such dQTL were detected for most phenotypes examined, but stronger effect dQTL were identified for the phenology-related traits than for the biomass traits. Our genome-wide screen for dosage sensitivity in a higher eukaryote demonstrates the importance of global genomic balance and the impact of dosage on life history traits.

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Efficient evaluation of a gene containment system for poplar through early flowering induction

Briones

Hoenicka²,

Cañas

et al. 2020

Plant Cell Rep

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Key message The early flowering system HSP::AtFT allowed a fast evaluation of a gene containment system based on the construct PsEND1::barnase–barstar for poplar. Transgenic lines showed disturbed pollen development and sterility. Abstract Vertical gene transfer through pollen flow from transgenic or non-native plant species into their crossable natural relatives is a major concern. Gene containment approaches have been proposed to reduce or even avoid gene flow among tree species. However, evaluation of genetic containment strategies for trees is very difficult due to the long-generation times. Early flowering induction would allow faster evaluation of genetic containment in this case. Although no reliable methods were available for the induction of fertile flowers in poplar, recently, a new early flowering approach was developed. In this study, early flowering poplar lines containing the gene construct PsEND1::barnase–barstar were obtained. The PsEND1 promoter was chosen due to its early expression pattern, its versality and efficiency for generation of male-sterile plants fused to the barnase gene. RT-PCRs confirmed barnase gene activity in flowers, and pollen development was disturbed, leading to sterile flowers. The system developed in this study represents a valuable tool for gene containment studies in forest tree species.

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Phase Change and Phenology in Trees

Cited by 26 publications

References 299 publications

Ecological genomics of variation in bud‐break phenology and mechanisms of response to climate warming in Populus trichocarpa

Ecological genomics of variation in bud‐break phenology and mechanisms of response to climate warming in Populus trichocarpa

A comprehensive genomic scan reveals gene dosage balance impacts on quantitative traits inPopulustrees

Efficient evaluation of a gene containment system for poplar through early flowering induction

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