Phase behaviour of poly( N -vinyl caprolactam) in water

Meeussen, Frank; Nies, Erik; Berghmans, Hugo; Verbrugghe, Sam; Goethals, Eric J.; Prez, Filip Du

doi:10.1016/s0032-3861(00)00255-x

Cited by 248 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Type I polymers [e.g. poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), PVCL] are species that follow the classic FloryHuggins behaviour [106,107]: their LCST (i.e. the absolute minimum in the phase diagram) shifts upon increasing the polymer molar mass towards lower polymer concentrations.…”

Section: Phenomenological Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-ionic Thermoresponsive Polymers in Water

Aseyev

Tenhu

Winnik

2010

Advances in Polymer Science

446

511

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Numerous non-ionic thermally responsive homopolymers phase separate from their aqueous solutions upon heating. Far fewer neutral homopolymers are known to phase separate upon cooling. A systematic compilation of the polymers reported to exhibit thermoresponsive behaviour is presented in this review, including N-substituted poly[(meth)acrylamide]s, poly(N-vinylamide)s, poly(oxazoline)s, protein-related polymers, poly(ether)s, polymers based on amphiphilic balance, and elastin-like synthetic polymers. Basic properties of aqueous solutions of these polymers are briefly described.

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Section: Phenomenological Classificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-ionic Thermoresponsive Polymers in Water

Aseyev

Tenhu

Winnik

2010

Advances in Polymer Science

446

511

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“…Poly(N -isopropylacrylamide) [15][16][17] (PNIPAAm) and poly(N -vinyl caprolactam) [18,19] (PVCL) have been studied for encapsulation of many types of drugs due to their thermo-sensitive properties. These polymers are water-soluble at low temperature, exhibiting a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method to Prepare 5-Fluorouracil, an Anti-cancer Drug, Loaded Microspheres from Poly(N-vinyl caprolactam-co-acrylamide) and Controlled Release Studies

Mundargi¹,

Rangaswamy²,

Aminabhavi

2010

Designed Monomers and Polymers

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Poly(N-vinyl caprolactam-co-acrylamide) co-polymers cross-linked with N,N -methylene bisacrylamide loaded with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) have been investigated for controlled release of 5-FU, an anticancer drug. Microspheres of poly(N-vinyl caprolactam-co-acrylamide) co-polymers cross-linked with N,N -methylene bisacrylamide have been prepared by free radical emulsion polymerization using varying amounts of acrylamide (AAm), N-vinyl caprolactam (VCL) and N,N -methylene bisacrylamide (NNMBA). Particles were produced in the size range of 16-34 µm and 5-FU was encapsulated into these microspheres. The in situ polymerization and release kinetics of drug-loaded microspheres have been investigated in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) at 25 and 37 • C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the surface morphology of the microspheres. In vitro release data have been affected by varying the co-polymer composition, amount of cross-linking agent and amount of drug loading in the microspheres. Microspheres with different co-polymer compositions were obtained in yields up to 80-85% with encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 69 to 79%. SEM suggested a spherical nature of particles with somewhat rough surfaces. In vitro drug release data indicated that particle size and release kinetics have been influenced by co-polymer composition, amount of cross-linking agent and amount of 5-FU loaded in the microspheres.

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“…Poly(Nvinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) is such a polymer showing a more gradual change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic upon raising the temperature. The polymer has an LCST between 32 and 37 °C and exhibits a different dependency of the demixing temperature on the corresponding concentration and chain length when compared to PNIPAA [12,13]. This is, however, not expected to influence the chromatography much as, just for the latter, an increase in temperature will still lead to an increase in retention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notice that PVCL has a syndiotactic structure, in this way also differing from PNIPAAm which has an atactic structure. PVCL has been studied in solution [13], as a copolymer [14], in hydrogels (hydrophilic network) [15,16] and bound to carriers [17]. It has been applied for cell and enzyme entrapment [15], as a catalyst support [18] and, combined with peptides, for wound healing [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%