Phase behaviors of ionic liquids attributed to the dual ionic and organic nature

Abstract

Ionic liquids (ILs), also known as room-temperature molten salts, are solely composed of ions with melting points usually below 100 °C. Because of their low volatility and vast amounts of species, ILs can serve as ‘green solvents’ and ‘designer solvents’ to meet the requirements of various applications by fine-tuning their molecular structures. A good understanding of the phase behaviors of ILs is certainly fundamentally important in terms of their wide applications. This review intends to summarize the major conclusions so far drawn on phase behaviors of ILs by computational, theoretical, and experimental studies, illustrating the intrinsic relationship between their dual ionic and organic nature and the crystalline phases, nanoscale segregation liquid phase, IL crystal phases, as well as phase behaviors of their mixture with small organic molecules.

The Curious Case of 1-Ethylpyridinium Triflate: Ionic Liquid Exhibiting the Mpemba Effect

“…It should be pointed out that the effect of the dependence of the crystallization and melting temperatures on the cooling/heating rate was previously detected for different kinds of pure ionic liquids [14][15][16] and, in particular, discussed as connected to multistep phase transitions [17] originated from a possible variety of microscopic structural ordering. The latter problem is directly in line with the modern fundamental interest to the complex interplay of chemical and physical properties of constituents of ionic liquids reflected in their phase transition properties [18].…”

Pathway for Water Transport through Breathable Nanocomposite Membranes of PEBAX with Ionic Liquid [C12C1im]Cl

“…Ionic liquids (ILs) are room-temperature molten salts with unique properties such as negligible vapor pressure, good thermal stability and non-flammability, as well as high ionic conductivity and a wide window of electrochemical stability [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. They also have the ability to dissolve most organic and some inorganic materials as well as biopolymers [ 28 ].…”