The interactions of cationic (CSA), anionic (ASA), and nonionic surfactants (NSA) with each other in aqueous solution and on solid surfaces are studied. To establish the mechanism of the adsorption of ASA and NSA from aqueous solutions onto layered silicates, modified with CSA, data on the interaction of corresponding surfactants in aqueous solutions of binary mixtures were used. It was shown that interactions between CSA and ASA led to the formation of cationic surfactants both in solution and on the surfaces of modified aluminosilicates. It was concluded that by analogy with solutions of binary mixtures of NSA on modified silicate surfaces, interaction occurs only with physically adsorbed CSA. With cations of modifier, chemically bonded to the active centers of the silicates, NSA reacts via a hydrophobic mechanism.It is known that surface-active substances (SAS) belong to the group of toxic organic contaminants. Solid adsorbents are widely used to remove these substances from aqueous media. In particular, natural aluminosilicates are effective at adsorbing of cationic surfactants (CSA) [1] and organic substituted surfactants -anionic (ASA) and nonionic (NSA) [2]. However for rational use of sorbents it is necessary to have a clear understanding of the mechanism of adsorption. Since the question of the interaction of surfactants of different types with organic substituted layered silicates in rigid structural cells is not sufficiently well studied, the establishment of the mechanism of ASA and NSA adsorption with such materials is the object of this work. For the interpretation of the adsorption data which characterize the interaction of the indicated surfactants with the surface of the sorbents studied, we used the revealed mechanisms of the interaction of surfactants in aqueous solutions of binary mixtures (ASA/CSA and NSA/CSA).
EXPERIMENTALThe following surfactants were chosen for study: cationic (CSA) -cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) containing 98% of the basic substance, nonionic (NSA) -oxyethylated nonylphenol (AF 9 -10) containing 99% of the basic substance, and anionic (ASA) -once recrystallized sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), chemically pure. The interactions of the surfactants in aqueous solutions were studied on the basis of the surface tension isotherms (s) of solutions of individual surfactants and their binary mixtures with different molar ratios of surfactants. The measurements of s were carried out by the film rupture method (the du Nui method). From the isotherm of the surface tension using Rubingh approach [3] we calculated the interaction parameter (b) and the composition of the mixed aggregates (micelles), expressed via the mole fraction of one of the components (X).