“…One of the most relevant challenges in nanomedicine is obtaining nanocarriers with simple and sustainable synthetic routes, high drug loading capacity, robustness in physiological environments, and good biocompatibility. , In this context, nanomaterials based on polyelectrolytes are especially interesting due to the great diversity and availability of this class of polymer. , In addition, many of these macromolecules are easily solubilized in aqueous media, which allow highly sustainable preparation routes to be applied without the need for the use of toxic and expensive organic solvents. Because of their large number of charges, polyelectrolytes can assemble in an aqueous solution with other oppositely charged species (i.e., polyelectrolytes, surfactants, enzymes, proteins, and multivalent ions) to generate complexes that, depending on the experimental conditions, acquire different configurations including complex coacervates, solid precipitates, layer-by-layer films, and nanocomplexes. − …”