Phase angle is associated with the physical fitness of HIV‐infected children and adolescents

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify the association of phase angle with physical fitness in children and adolescents infected with HIV. Sixty‐four children and adolescents infected with HIV (8‐15 years old) were tested for vertical transmission. The electrical bioimpedance was used to obtain the phase angle. Body fat (BF) and lean soft tissue mass (LSTM) were measured by x‐ray absorptiometry, and the manual grip strength was evaluated by dynamometry. The peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak) was measured by respiratory change in a submaximal incremental test. Moderate‐vigorous physical activity (MVP) and sedentary behavior were measured using accelerometers and were used as covariates. Multiple linear regression was used. The linear correlation analyses demonstrated that the phase angle was inversely proportional to relative BF (r = −0.26), but was not associated with absolute body fat (r = −0.02). The phase angle was directly associated with LSTM (r = 0.57), handgrip strength, and (r = 0.43) peak VO2 (r = 0.55). The phase angle was not associated with absolute BF (β = −0.017, P = 0.413) and relative (β = −0.014, P = 0.175). The phase angle presented a direct association with LSTM (β = 0.041, P = 0.019) and peak VO2 (β = 0.005; P = 0.019), regardless of age, sex, sexual maturation, MVPA, sedentary behavior, antiretroviral drugs, and viral load. No association was found between phase angle and handgrip strength (β = 0.153; P = 0.199). It was concluded that phase angle was associated with LSTM and the aerobic fitness in HIV‐infected children and adolescents.

Phase Angle is Determined by Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adolescents

“…A positive correlation was observed between PhA and FFM in both girls and boys. This result is consistent with a previous study [11], and although using a different sample, the authors observed a relationship between PhA and FFM in HIV-infected children and adolescents. The PhA is calculated using the ratio of the reactance and resistance measurements provided by BIA [7].…”

“…PhA is used as an indicator of cellular health in relation to imbalance of cellular water and integrity of the cell membrane [8]. However, the PhA value can be negatively influenced by several clinical diseases, such as malnutrition [9], diabetes [10], human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV infection) [11], and some types of cancer [12,13]. Healthy individuals show higher values of PhA (higher than 5º), indicating better cellular health and cell membrane integrity compared to malnourished patients [9].…”

Relationships between Body Composition Parameters and Phase Angle as Related to Lifestyle among Young People

“…This is one of the first studies in which this relationship is statistically significant. Others [ 34 , 39 , 40 ] confirm the relationship of these parameters, but it is not significant.…”

Approaches and methods to assess sedentary behavior in Brazil: a systematic review

“…Some countries have developed public health guidelines that include recommendations about SB [7][8][9][10][11] . These guidelines are generally based on epidemiological studies, which evaluate SB using device-derived (accelerometry and devices that detect postural changes) and subjective methods (questionnaires) 12 . Device-derived methods, with the use of accelerometers and inclinometers, are used more frequently in studies from developed countries.…”