Phase and chemical equilibria in multicomponent fluid systems with a chemical reaction

Liquid-liquid equilibrium for the quaternary system propionic acid + n-propanol + n-propyl propionate + water at 293.15, 313.15 and 333.15 K

“…For this reason the majority of recent papers on n-propyl propionate production include the discussion of the splitting in propionic acid + n-propanol + n-propyl propionate + water system [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Nevertheless the available experimental data sets on LLE were presented for binary sub-systems and for ternary n-propanol + water + n-propyl propionate system only [11]. The LLE in this ternary system was studied by Altman et al at 288.…”

Catalyst-free regioselective acetylation of primary hydroxy groups in partially protected and unprotected thioglycosides with acetic acid

“…Esterication of alcohols with AcOH is known to be a reversible process that occurs under thermodynamic control. [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] Indeed, when 6-O-acetylated product 17 was treated under the reaction conditions (80% aq AcOH, 80 C, 24 h; method B) the parent diol 16 (24%) and 4-acetate 18 (4%) were isolated from the reaction mixture in addition to the starting 6-acetate 17 (53%) (Fig. 3).…”

“…The non-catalysed (auto-catalysed) acetylation of simple alcohols is well-known. [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59] It has been extensively studied for industrial purposes like reactive distillation, 60,61 which is used for esterication or for recovery of dilute acetic acid from wastewater. [62][63][64][65] However, only few examples of the use of this reaction for acetylation of carbohydrates are known.…”

Chemical equilibrium for the reactive system acetic acid+n-butanol+n-butyl acetate+water at 308.15K

“…Unfortunately, most researches have focused on the solubility and phase equilibrium (liquid-vapor and liquid-liquid). A short description of the investigations of phase equilibria in this system is presented in review papers [1,2].…”