Phase analysis in duplex stainless steel: comparison of EBSD and quantitative metallography methods

Michalska, Joanna; Chmiela, Bartosz

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/55/1/012010

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The formation of secondary phases in 2205 DSS induced by thermal aging revealed by light‐ and dark‐etched (Figure b,c) regions inside ferrite and at austenite/ferrite phase boundaries. The major secondary phase formed during thermal treatment at 900 °C is sigma (σ) phase . The eutectoid transformation of ferrite (α → σ + γ′) which is the main mechanism of σ phase nucleation in DSS induces the formation of σ phase particles by consumption of ferrite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sigma and chi phases can be seen to have an The major secondary phase formed during thermal treatment at 900°C is sigma (σ) phase. [25,27] The eutectoid transformation of ferrite (α → σ + γ′) which is the main mechanism of σ phase nucleation [29] in DSS induces the formation of σ phase particles by consumption of ferrite. The growth of σ phase leads to the depletion of Cr and Mo in regions of ferrite adjoining to Cr-enriched phases.…”

Section: Ebsd Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans biofilm with 2205 duplex stainless steel – the role of microstructure

Michalska

Chmiela

Simka

2018

Materials & Corrosion

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The paper presents the results on sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) induced corrosion of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) in as‐received and thermally aged conditions. Biofilm formation and damage process stimulated by DSM642 strain were analyzed with reference to its metabolic activity and to the surface characterization of structure and configuration of the biofilm. Electrochemical techniques were applied to monitor bacterial attachment to the steel surface and to determine the effect of bacteria on the passivity and corrosion resistance of 2205 DSS. Results demonstrated that MIC behavior was strongly affected by the microstructure and phase composition of the steel. Enhanced biofilm interactions were mainly limited to the austenitic phase, as well as primary (γ) and intergranular (γ2) austenite was found to be more prone to bacterial attack. Thermal aging of 2205 DSS led to the enhanced bacterial attack. Thermally aged samples were characterized by quicker and more intensive biofouling. Pitting and crevice‐type attacks were predominant on the thermally aged samples. It has been found that the presence of DSM642 biofilm changed the corrosion mechanism of 2205 DSS in 3.5% NaCl and the SRB‐induced selective attack was evident even for the material in phase‐balanced conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ebsd Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans biofilm with 2205 duplex stainless steel – the role of microstructure

Michalska

Chmiela

Simka

2018

Materials & Corrosion

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“…EBSD analysis, optical microscopy [17] and feritscope FISCHER MP3 [18] were used to quantify the phases on the steels.…”

Section: Steel Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous work using the Rietveld refinement [17], the results were similar to ferritoscope test and EBSD analysis. EBSD has been shown to be a useful tool for phase identification on DSS; this technique is based on crystallographic orientation [18].…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Film After Immersion Test in Industrial White Liquor

Esteves¹,

Garcia²,

Gastelois³

et al. 2017

Anais Do Congresso Anual Da ABM

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Corrosion testing was performed in white liquor from a Brazilian Kraft mill. Specimens of duplex stainless steel (DSS) and lean duplex (LDSS) were exposed at 170 °C for 30 days to simulate conditions of the digester. Corrosion rates were determined from weight loss measurements. After this exposure, the corrosion products formed on the steel surface was characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with EDS, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). EBSD can be used to quantify of basis balance phases in DSS and LDSS. General corrosion rates for UNS S32304 LDSS were higher than the UNS 31803 DSS in industrial white liquor at 170 °C for 30 days. XPS and XRD analyses indicated that the film formed after the immersion test may be consisted by Fe and Cr oxides and sulphides.

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“…Electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) (Schwartz et al, 2009), a technique which has become popular for precise measurements of crystallographic orientations from metallic samples, has also received much attention for quantitative metallography including the study of various microstructural phenomena (Humphreys, 1999;Zherebtsov et al, 2011;Michalska & Chmiela, 2014;Konkova et al, 2015;Warren et al, 2016). In recent years, it has become an important technique for quantitative information related to microstructural transformations such as recovery and recrystallization during the annealing of deformed material (Humphreys, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

User‐independent EBSD parameters to study the progress of recovery and recrystallization in Cu–Zn alloy during in situ heating

Sharma

Shekhar

2016

Journal of Microscopy

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Microstructural evolution of cold-rolled Cu-5%Zn alloy during in situ heating inside field-emission scanning electron microscope was utilized to obtain user-independent parameters in order to trace the progress of static recovery and recrystallization. Electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD)-based orientation imaging microscopy was used to obtain micrographs at various stages of in situ heating. It is shown that unlike the pre-existing methods, additional EBSD-based parameter can be used to trace the progress of recovery and recrystallization, which is not dependent on user input and hence less prone to error. True strain of 0.3 was imposed during cold rolling of alloy sample. Rolled sample was subjected to in situ heating from room temperature to 500°C (∼0.58 Tm) with soaking time of 10 min, at each of the intermediate temperatures viz. 100, 200, 300, 400 and 450°C. After reaching 500°C, the sample was kept at this temperature for a maximum duration of around 15 h. The sample showed clear signs of recovery for temperature up to 450°C, and at 500°C, recrystallization started to take place. Recrystallization kinetics was moderate, and full recrystallization was achieved in approximately 120 min. We found that EBSD parameter, namely, band contrast intensity can be used as an extra handle to map out the progress of recrystallization occurring in the sample. By contrast, mean angular deviation can be used to understand the evolution of recovery in samples. The parameters mentioned in the current study, unlike other pre-existing methods, can also be used for mapping local microstructural transformations due to recovery and recrystallization. We discuss the benefits and limitations in using these additional handles in understanding the changes taking place in the material during in situ heating.

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Phase analysis in duplex stainless steel: comparison of EBSD and quantitative metallography methods

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Interactions of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans biofilm with 2205 duplex stainless steel – the role of microstructure

Interactions of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans biofilm with 2205 duplex stainless steel – the role of microstructure

Characterization of Film After Immersion Test in Industrial White Liquor

User‐independent EBSD parameters to study the progress of recovery and recrystallization in Cu–Zn alloy during in situ heating

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