Pharyngotonsillitis

Stjernquist-Desatnik, Anna; Orrling, Arne

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0757.2008.00282.x

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The roof of the mouth may have fine petechial lesions. Although none of these are specific for GAS pharyngitis, absence of fever or presence of clinical features such as cough, hoarseness, conjunctivitis, runny nose, viral exanthem and diarrhea are common symptoms of viral upper respiratory tract infections [1][2][3]16]. Hence, the basic aim of clinical examination is to evaluate the likelihood of streptococcal etiology and identify these patients in whom microbiological tests are necessary to confirm the diagnosis [1].…”

Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Acute Gas Pharyngitis: State Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, adenoviruses, Coxackie A, influenza, parainfluenza, RSV and herpes family viruses account for 70%-85% of pharyngitis in children over 3 years of age and for 90-95% of cases in adults. Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS), the principal bacterial pathogen in this disease, is responsible for merely 5-30% of cases [1][2][3]. Beta-hemolytic streptococci belonging to other groups, predominantly C and G, are involved considerably less frequently [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beta-hemolytic streptococci belonging to other groups, predominantly C and G, are involved considerably less frequently [4][5][6]. Other bacteria cause acute pharyngitis only occasionally [1,2,7]. In patients with GAS pharyngitis antibiotic treatment prevents rheumatic fever and local complications such as peritonsillar abscess and mastoiditis [2,3,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other bacteria cause acute pharyngitis only occasionally [1,2,7]. In patients with GAS pharyngitis antibiotic treatment prevents rheumatic fever and local complications such as peritonsillar abscess and mastoiditis [2,3,8,9]. However, viral pharyngitis should be treated merely symptomatically [2,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is effective not only for treating acute pharyngitis but for preventing acute rheumatic fever as well [49]. This is why oral or intramuscular penicillin is currently antibiotic therapy of choice for GAS pharyngitis [1][2][3]. However, treatment failures with penicillin therapy, as high as 35% with orally administered penicillin, have been reported [50,51].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Management of acute streptococcal pharyngitis: still the subject of controversy

Mazur

2013

Open Medicine

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AbstractAlthough most cases of acute pharyngitis are viral in origin, antibiotics are overused in its treatment. Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS), the principal bacterial pathogen of acute sore throat, is responsible for merely 5–30% of cases. Moreover, GAS pharyngitis is currently the only commonly occurring form of acute pharyngitis for which antibiotic therapy is definitely indicated. Therefore the differentiation between GAS pharyngitis and that of viral etiology is crucial. Accordingly, scientific societies as well as respected advisory bodies in Europe and North America, issued guidelines for the management of acute pharyngitis with the aim of minimizing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions in its treatment. The aim of this review work is to confront the state of the art in acute GAS pharyngitis diagnosis and treatment with different approaches to its management represented by current European and North American guidelines. Although based on scientific evidence, international guidelines differ substantially in opinions whether GAS pharyngitis diagnosis should be based on microbiological testing, clinical algorithm or a combination of both. On the other hand, some European guidelines consider GAS pharyngitis to be a mild, self-limiting disease that does not require a specific diagnosis or antimicrobial treatment except in high-risk patients. There is an agreement among guidelines that if antibiotic therapy is indicated, phenoxymethyl penicillin should be the drug of choice to treat GAS pharyngitis.

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