Pharmacology and Neuroscience of Antipsychotic Drugs

Why does the goalkeeper eschew medication? The challenge of new treatments for tourette syndrome

“…Indeed, although D1 and D2 receptors were coidentified, the D1 receptor remained very much a “Cinderella” site until the identification of the first selective D1 antagonists and initial evidence that D1 receptors were not only behaviorally relevant but also participated in important functional interactions with D2 receptors . Initial clinical studies with the selective D1 antagonist ecopipam (SCH 39166) indicated it and another selective D1 antagonist (NNC 01‐0687) to be without material antipsychotic activity or major adverse effects . Subsequent clinical studies with ecopipam have focused variably on cocaine abuse, obesity, gambling disorder and, most recently, Tourette syndrome.…”

“…7,8 Initial clinical studies with the selective D1 antagonist ecopipam (SCH 39166) indicated it and another selective D1 antagonist (NNC 01-0687) to be without material antipsychotic activity or major adverse effects. 9 Subsequent clinical studies with ecopipam have focused variably on cocaine abuse, obesity, gambling disorder and, most recently, Tourette syndrome. The logic for studying this latter indication derived from what was then current understanding of the functional roles of dopamine within cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamocortical circuitry to facilitate movement via D1 receptors on direct-pathway spiny projection neurons in the basal ganglia and reduce movement via D2 receptors on indirect-pathway spiny projection neurons.…”