Pharmacologically distinct cardiovascular effects of box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) venom and a tentacle-only extract in rats

Ramasamy, Sharmaine; Isbister, Geoffrey K.; Seymour, Jamie; Hodgson, Wayne Clarence

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2004.09.018

Cited by 64 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Clinically, some features of Irukandji syndrome resemble that of catecholamine excess, such as that seen in phaeochromocytoma [54]. Accordingly, elevated serum adrenaline and noradrenaline levels have been found in experimentally envenomated animals [52,53,87]. It is notable that some envenomations may also exhibit cardiovascular features similar to this syndrome [88], with catecholamine excess and initial hypertension followed by late hypotension.…”

Section: Irukandji Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At a mean time of 14 h (range 1.5~18 h) after the sting pulmonary edema was evident radiologically and in some cases was associated with hypokinetic cardiac dysfunction, reduced cardiac output and raised serum cardiac enzymes. Hypertension [52,53] and hypertension due to catecholamine release [54][55][56][57] have been demonstrated in animal models of C. barnesi envenomation. However, catecholamine…”

Section: Systematic Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Irukandji syndrome has been attributed to certain species of smaller, four-tentacled box jellyfish like C. barnesi and Alatina mordens [52,53,[83][84][85][86][87]. Clinically, some features of Irukandji syndrome resemble that of catecholamine excess, such as that seen in phaeochromocytoma [54].…”

Section: Irukandji Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Jellyfish Envenomation with Skin and Cardiovascular Manifestations and Treatments

Bais¹,

Che²,

Jiang³

et al. 2017

Toxicol Open Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Jellyfish are smooth-formed animals in the phylum cnidaria, living in around coastal water zones worldwide. Interacting with jellyfish tentacles, even the beached and dying jellyfish, can prompt millions of nematocysts to perforate the skin and infuse the venom through the inverted long spiny tubules, thereby causing toxic manifestations from no effect to extreme pain to death. According to the structure of nematocyst, quantitative toxins are released into body in a short time. Stung by jellyfish possesses a wide spectrum of toxic effects especially on skin and cardiovascular toxicities. However, the mechanism of jellyfish venom is not clear. In this review, we focus on Jellyfish toxins, symptoms and treatment after sting in order to reduce treatment time, improve the survival rate for medical providers and to set a reference for follow-up study.

show abstract

Section: Irukandji Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systematic Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Jellyfish Envenomation with Skin and Cardiovascular Manifestations and Treatments

Bais¹,

Che²,

Jiang³

et al. 2017

Toxicol Open Access

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lyophilized venom was placed into screw top vials with distilled water and glass beads (8000 beads; 0.5 mm) and shaken 5 times in a minibead mill at 5000 rpm for 30 minutes [6,7]. The jellyfish venom was separated with a pipette and transferred to an Eppendorf tube and was centrifuged (3,000 g) at 4…”

Section: Venom Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Pharmacological Activities of Jellyfish, Chrysaora hysoscella Captured in Bushehr Port, Iran

Gharibi

Nabipour

Kim

et al. 2016

IJT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A characteristic cnidarian cell type is the stinging cell nematocyte, mainly found on tentacles and defensive organs. The nematocytes contain the nematocyst organelle which, in turn, is composed of a capsule and an inner hollow tubule in a saline solution, containing toxins that differ in composition between jellyfish species (Cheng et al 2005;Ramasamy et al 2005aRamasamy et al , 2005b. Nematocysts can discharge in response to a variety of mechanical and chemical stimuli, as well as in response to occasional contact, and they are considered to be the most sophisticated lethal weapons in the animal kingdom (Tardent 1995 Cnidarian venom is made of a complex mixture of biologically active molecules including 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine, proteins such as proteases and phospholipases, and small peptides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haemolytic activity and characterization of nematocyst venom fromPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

Trapani

Parrino

Parisi

et al. 2013

Italian Journal of Zoology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated the haemolytic capacity of the crude venom extracted from isolated nematocysts of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), and evidenced the proteic fractions responsible for this activity. The nematocyst venom was used at various concentrations to evaluate the haemolytic activity and the lysosomal membrane stability of red blood cells of two teleostean species treated with the extract. The nematocyst extract was assayed against erythrocytes of the two teleostean species living in different environments, Carassius auratus as a common freshwater species, and Liza aurata as a representative of seawater species. Experiments on the haemolytic activity of P. noctiluca in the presence of lipid components of erythrocyte membranes showed that sphyngomyelin strongly inhibited this activity. The crude venom was analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis SDS-PAGE and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect the proteic composition, and it was found that the active haemolytic components of this venom are distributed in at least four protein fractions. The results of our experiments indicated that Pelagia noctiluca venom induces haemolysis and lysosomal membrane destabilisation in both species and that Carassius auratus was more susceptible to jellyfish venom than was Liza aurata. No significant differences in glutathione (GSH) levels were observed between control and treatments; consequently the toxins do not cause the oxidative stress but likely recognize specific targets (i.e. sphyngomyelin) in the plasmatic membrane of red blood cells.

show abstract

Pharmacologically distinct cardiovascular effects of box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) venom and a tentacle-only extract in rats

Cited by 64 publications

References 25 publications

Jellyfish Envenomation with Skin and Cardiovascular Manifestations and Treatments

Jellyfish Envenomation with Skin and Cardiovascular Manifestations and Treatments

Characterization and Pharmacological Activities of Jellyfish, Chrysaora hysoscella Captured in Bushehr Port, Iran

Haemolytic activity and characterization of nematocyst venom fromPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria: Scyphozoa)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About