Pharmacological treatment of eating disorders, comorbid mental health problems, malnutrition and physical health consequences

Himmerich, Hubertus; Kan, Carol; Au, Katie; Treasure, Janet

doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107667

Cited by 82 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…To examine whether the preferential response to cannabinoids is due to sensory stimuli in flies, we examined possible involvement of gustatory and olfactory functions in food preference using taste-deficiency mutants ( poxn 70-23 and poxn Δ M22-B5 ) (Figure 3A and 3B), and olfaction-deficiency mutants ( orco 1 and orco 2 ) (Figure 3C and 3D), respectively. In comparison to the control w 1118 flies, both poxn and orco homozygotes displayed similar preference for 1 mg/ml CBD and 0.5 mM CP55940 over 4 consecutive days of feeding, suggesting that the preference for cannabinoids in flies is modulated through a mechanism independent of gustatory and olfactory sensory functions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preference for 1 mg/ml CBD and 0.5 mM CP55940 was measured in two poxn mutants ( A, B ) and orco mutants ( C, D ) over four consecutive days. Homozygous poxn ΔM22-B5 and poxn 70-23 mutants, and orco 1 and orco 2 mutants exhibited similar preference for CBD ( A, C ) and CP55940 ( B, D ) as compared to the control w 1118 flies (n=11-24 vials/ group). Data are represented as mean ± S.E.M.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cannabinoids modulate food preference and consumption inDrosophila melanogaster

Tan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Cannabinoids have an important role in regulating feeding behaviors via cannabinoid receptors in mammals. Cannabinoids also exhibit potential therapeutic functions in Drosophila melanogaster, or fruit fly that lacks cannabinoid receptors. However, it remains unclear whether cannabinoids affect food consumption and metabolism in a cannabinoid receptors-independent manner in flies. In this study, we systematically investigated pharmacological functions of various cannabinoids in modulating food preference and consumption in flies. We show that flies display preferences for consuming cannabinoids, independent of their sensory functions. Interestingly, phyto- and endo- cannabinoids exhibit an inhibitory effect on food intake. Unexpectedly, the non-selective CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 attenuates the suppression of food intake by endocannabinoids. Moreover, the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) and its metabolite inhibit food intake and promote resistance to starvation, possibly through reduced lipid metabolism. Thus, this study has provided insights into a pharmacological role of cannabinoids in feeding behaviors using an adult Drosophila model.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids modulate food preference and consumption inDrosophila melanogaster

Tan

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There are no currently available pharmacological treatment options with demonstrated efficacy in remitting AN. Available pharmacological treatments are generally inadequate and some are associated with significant safety concerns [61]. Trials of various atypical antipsychotics (e.g.…”

Section: Pharmacological Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…aripiprazole [62,63] and olanzapine [64,65]) and antidepressants (e.g. sertraline [66], citalopram [67], fluoxetine [68,69], mirtazapine [66], bupropion [61]) have demonstrated only limited efficacy in increasing BMI, stabilising weight, or reducing anxious, depressive and obsessive-compulsive symptoms [70,71].…”

Section: Pharmacological Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psilocybin as a Novel Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Refractory Anorexia Nervosa

2021

obm neurobiol

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Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a major health problem with one of the highest mortalities and treatment costs of any psychiatric condition. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is currently the most widely used treatment for AN in adults but provides remission rates ≤ 50%. Treatment drop-out is exceedingly high and those that persevere with treatment often relapse, causing increased risk of morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to find new interventions, especially as there are no approved pharmacological treatments for AN. Ideally, new treatments would target treatment-resistance and to decrease the chronicity associated with the disorder. Over the past two decades, emerging research into classic psychedelic substances (lysergic diethylamide acid (LSD), 5-Methoxy-N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and psilocybin), indicates that marked reductions in anxiety and depression-like symptoms, and lasting improvement in mental health, can follow from one or two exposures to these psychedelic substances. Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent co-morbid psychiatric symptoms in AN. Here we suggest that classic psychedelics, particularly psilocybin, have the potential to normalise dysfunctional neurobiological systems in AN and provide a novel treatment intervention that is worthy of consideration, particularly for treatment-resistant patients.

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“…Eating disorders including binge eating, and anorexia and bulimia nervosa, and obesity are characterized by abnormal eating behaviors and dysregulation of food intake. These have immense long-term consequences on physical health that could manifest to cardiovascular diseases, and on mental health that leads to both somatic and psychosocial complications 1 . With the increasing burden on the society and healthcare system, research in the past decade has focused its efforts on understanding the mechanisms underlying the regulation of food intake and control of body weight, and ultimately developing therapeutic drug treatments to curb these issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids modulate food preference and consumption in Drosophila melanogaster

Tan

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Cannabinoids have an important role in regulating feeding behaviors via cannabinoid receptors in mammals. Cannabinoids also exhibit potential therapeutic functions in Drosophila melanogaster, or fruit fly that lacks cannabinoid receptors. However, it remains unclear whether cannabinoids affect food consumption and metabolism in a cannabinoid receptors-independent manner in flies. In this study, we systematically investigated pharmacological functions of various cannabinoids in modulating food preference and consumption in flies. We show that flies display preferences for consuming cannabinoids, independent of two important sensory regulators Poxn and Orco. Interestingly, phyto- and endo- cannabinoids exhibit an inhibitory effect on food intake. Unexpectedly, the non-selective CB1 receptor antagonist AM251 attenuates the suppression of food intake by endocannabinoids. Moreover, the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) and its metabolite inhibit food intake and promote resistance to starvation, possibly through reduced lipid metabolism. Thus, this study has provided insights into a pharmacological role of cannabinoids in feeding behaviors using an adult Drosophila model.

show abstract

Pharmacological treatment of eating disorders, comorbid mental health problems, malnutrition and physical health consequences

Cited by 82 publications

References 163 publications

Cannabinoids modulate food preference and consumption inDrosophila melanogaster

Cannabinoids modulate food preference and consumption inDrosophila melanogaster

Psilocybin as a Novel Pharmacotherapy for Treatment-Refractory Anorexia Nervosa

Cannabinoids modulate food preference and consumption in Drosophila melanogaster

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