Pharmacological Treatment of Alcohol Dependence

Garbutt, James C.; West, Suzanne L.; Carey, Timothy S.; Lohr, Kathleen N; Crews, Fulton T.

doi:10.1001/jama.281.14.1318

Cited by 465 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In this study, adverse events were relatively mild, with only two individuals stopping baclofen because of fatigue and severe tendonitis. A possible explanation of the difference in outcomes across trials could be the different severity of alcohol dependence of the enrolled patients (Flannery and Garbutt, 2008;Garbutt, 2009;Garbutt et al, 2010;Leggio et al, 2010a, b). In particular, a recent analysis of previous positive and negative baclofen studies has shown a difference in baseline alcohol drinking, withdrawal severity, and anxiety (Leggio et al, 2010a, b).…”

Section: Baclofenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Alcohol and Drug Addiction: Focus on GABA, Ion Channels and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Addolorato

Leggio

Hopf

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Drug addiction represents a major social problem where addicts and alcoholics continue to seek and take drugs despite adverse social, personal, emotional, and legal consequences. A number of pharmacological compounds have been tested in human addicts with the goal of reducing the level or frequency of intake, but these pharmacotherapies have often been of only moderate efficacy or act in a sub-population of humans. Thus, there is a tremendous need for new therapeutic interventions to treat addiction. Here, we review recent interesting studies focusing on gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors, voltage-gated ion channels, and transcranial magnetic stimulation. Some of these treatments show considerable promise to reduce addictive behaviors, or the early clinical studies or pre-clinical rationale suggest that a promising avenue could be developed. Thus, it is likely that within a decade or so, we could have important new and effective treatments to achieve the goal of reducing the burden of human addiction and alcoholism.

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Section: Baclofenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Alcohol and Drug Addiction: Focus on GABA, Ion Channels and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Addolorato

Leggio

Hopf

et al. 2011

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Several systematic reviews indicated that naltrexone efficacy was associated with a small to moderate effect size (Garbutt et Killeen et al 2004) found no significant benefit associated with naltrexone treatment. Some meta-analyses also found no effect of naltrexone on abstinence (Garbutt et al 1999,Bouza et al 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Efficacy of Naltrexone Based on Trajectory-Based Reanalyses of Two Negative Clinical Trials

Gueorguieva

Pittman

et al. 2007

Biological Psychiatry

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Background-The heterogeneity of clinical findings in studies evaluating the efficacy of naltrexone in the treatment of alcohol dependence has led to growing efforts to explore novel approaches to data analysis. The objective of this study was to identify distinct trajectories of daily drinking over time in two negative clinical trials and to determine whether naltrexone affected the probability to follow a particular trajectory.

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“…Although the treatment of alcoholism represents a central aim in public health care, only a few medications are currently approved for this disease, whereas others are still in clinical trials (see Box 1). Another limitation to treatment is the fact that pharmacogenetic studies show that the efficacy of these drugs varies across the heterogeneous clinical population of alcoholics (Addolorato et al, 2012;Anton et al, 2006;Garbutt, 2009;Heilig and Egli, 2006;Leggio and Addolorato, 2010;Volkow and Li, 2005). Therefore, an increase in effective medications for the treatment of alcohol abuse is of critical importance; drug development depends initially on the identification of novel therapeutic targets determined from preclinical research studies.…”

Section: Alcohol Abuse and Addictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomic Approaches and Identification of Novel Therapeutic Targets for Alcoholism

Gorini

Harris

Mayfield

2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Recent studies have shown that gene regulation is far more complex than previously believed and does not completely explain changes at the protein level. Therefore, the direct study of the proteome, considerably different in both complexity and dynamicity to the genome/transcriptome, has provided unique insights to an increasing number of researchers. During the past decade, extraordinary advances in proteomic techniques have changed the way we can analyze the composition, regulation, and function of protein complexes and pathways underlying altered neurobiological conditions. When combined with complementary approaches, these advances provide the contextual information for decoding large data sets into meaningful biologically adaptive processes. Neuroproteomics offers potential breakthroughs in the field of alcohol research by leading to a deeper understanding of how alcohol globally affects protein structure, function, interactions, and networks. The wealth of information gained from these advances can help pinpoint relevant biomarkers for early diagnosis and improved prognosis of alcoholism and identify future pharmacological targets for the treatment of this addiction.

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Pharmacological Treatment of Alcohol Dependence

Cited by 465 publications

References 39 publications

Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Alcohol and Drug Addiction: Focus on GABA, Ion Channels and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Alcohol and Drug Addiction: Focus on GABA, Ion Channels and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

New Insights into the Efficacy of Naltrexone Based on Trajectory-Based Reanalyses of Two Negative Clinical Trials

Proteomic Approaches and Identification of Novel Therapeutic Targets for Alcoholism

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