Pharmacological screening of Malian medicinal plants used against epilepsy and convulsions

Pedersen, M. E.; Vestergaard, Henrik; Hansen, Steen; Bah, Sékou; Diallo, Drissa; Jäger, Anna K.

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.11.006

Cited by 42 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The significantly effect on the motor coordination, on high doses, might support this theory, as GABAergic drugs usually are sedative (Pedersen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Bioassay-guided evaluation of central nervous system effects of citronellal in rodents

Melo¹,

Santana²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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Abstract:The central nervous system (CNS) depressant and anticonvulsant activities of citronellal (CT) were investigated in animal models. The CT in doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg injected by i.p. route in mice caused a significant decrease in the motor activity of animals when compared with the control group. The highest dose of CT significantly reduced the remaining time of the animals on the Rota-rod apparatus up to 2 h. Additionally, CT at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/ kg (i.p.) was also capable to promote an increase of latency for development of convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). It was efficient in prevents the tonic convulsions induced by maximal electroshock (MES) in doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, resulting in 30 and 40% of protection, respectively. This compound was also capable to promote an increase of latency for development of convulsions induced by picrotoxin (PIC) at 400 mg/kg. In the same way, the anticonvulsant effect of CT was affected by pretreatment with flumazenil, a selective antagonist of benzodiazepine site of GABA A receptor. These results suggest a possible CNS depressant and anticonvulsant activities.

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“…The significantly effect on the motor coordination, on high doses, might support this theory, as GABAergic drugs usually are sedative (Pedersen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Bioassay-guided evaluation of central nervous system effects of citronellal in rodents

Melo¹,

Santana²,

Guimarães³

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. farmacogn.

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“…2 The use of plant parts and isolated phytochemicals for the prevention and treatment of various health ailments has been in practice for many decades. 3 In addition, it also possesses antimicrobial, 9 antitumor, 5 anti-obesity, 10 anti-inflammatory, 11 anti-hyperglycemic, 12 antiulcer, anti-stress, and antiallergic activity. 13 The presence of flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, quercitol, and other alkaloid have been reported in the flowers, leaves, and fruits of G. sylvestre.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

Arunachalam¹,

Arun²,

Annamalai³

et al. 2014

IJN

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Background Gymnema sylvestre is an ethno-pharmacologically important medicinal plant used in many polyherbal formulations for its potential health benefits. Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) were biofunctionalized using aqueous leaf extracts of G. sylvestre . The anticancer properties of the bioactive compounds and the biofunctionalized SNPs were compared using the HT29 human adenoma colon cancer cell line. Methods The preliminary phytochemical screening for bioactive compounds from aqueous extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes, flavonoids, steroids, and saponins. Biofunctionalized SNPs were synthesized using silver nitrate and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction for size and shape. The characterized biofunctionalized G. sylvestre were tested for its in vitro anticancer activity against HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Results The biofunctionlized G. sylvestre SNPs showed the surface plasmon resonance band at 430 nm. The scanning electron microscopy images showed the presence of spherical nanoparticles of various sizes, which were further determined using the Scherrer equation. In vitro cytotoxic activity of the biofunctionalized green-synthesized SNPs (GSNPs) indicated that the sensitivity of HT29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells for cytotoxic drugs is higher than that of Vero cell line for the same cytotoxic agents and also higher than the bioactive compound of the aqueous extract. Conclusion Our results show that the anticancer properties of the bioactive compounds of G. sylvestre can be enhanced through biofunctionalizing the SNPs using the bioactive compounds present in the plant extract without compromising their medicinal properties.

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“…cordifolia leaves did not significantly modify the time to seizure onset, nor the onset of tonicoclonic (TC) convulsions, but significantly reduced the duration of convulsions. In the contrary Pedersen et al (2009) in a previuous study showed inhibition of spontaneous epileptic form discharges by the ethanolic extract of A. cordifolia leaves from Mali. This difference could be due to the difference in solvents used, or in the in vitro model compared to the in vivo approach used in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In fact, the in vitro active compounds could have been metabolized to non-active derivatives in the animal's organism or did not cross the blood brain barrier. Otherwise, the active compounds present in the extract do not show effect on the PTZ model (Pedersen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Anticonvulsant activity of extracts from six Cameroonian plants traditionally used to treat epilepsy

Nguepi¹,

Fokunang²,

Boyom³

et al. 2015

Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci

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Epilepsy remains one of the leading public health problems that affects about 50 million people worldwide, thus stressing the need for new anticonvulsant drug. This study was designed to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity against Penty lenetetrazole induced-convulsion in mice. Plants were extracted by maceration with water or organic solvents. The extracts were tested against PTZ-induced convulsion by measuring onset seizure, clonic seizure onset, convulsion duration, death time and percentage of protection. A. cordifolia leaf extract protected all animals from death at 1000 mg/kg. A. muricata stem extract delayed seizures at 200 and 400 mg/kg, while the onset of tonicoclonic (TC) seizures was significantly delayed at the highest doses tested for the seed extract (800 mg/kg). Stem and leaf extracts of A. senegalensis significantly delayed seizure onset at all doses. D. adescendes extract significantly protected mice from death. F. thonningii leaf extract at the smallest dose tested (200 mg/kg), significantly delayed the seizure onset and the occurrence of TC convulsions. Bark extract of V. doniana significantly delayed the seizure onset at all doses tested. The results obtained corroborate with the traditional claims that these plants can be a valuable source of new anticonvulsant compounds.

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Pharmacological screening of Malian medicinal plants used against epilepsy and convulsions

Cited by 42 publications

References 22 publications

Bioassay-guided evaluation of central nervous system effects of citronellal in rodents

Bioassay-guided evaluation of central nervous system effects of citronellal in rodents

Potential anticancer properties of bioactive compounds of Gymnema sylvestre and its biofunctionalized silver nanoparticles

Anticonvulsant activity of extracts from six Cameroonian plants traditionally used to treat epilepsy

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