Pharmacological Influence of Saikosaponins on Prostaglandin E₂Production by Peritoneal Macrophages

Abstract

parasites interfering with cattle production in France, and experi-nard, P. (1980) Recherche d'une activité antifongique de ments to control them by strategic treatments. A bibliographic replusieurs principes actifs extraits du lierre grimpant: Hedera helixAbstract: The effects of purified saikosaponins a, b1, b2, c and d on prostaglandin E2 production by rat peritoneal macrophages were examined. Prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis was stimulated by saikosaponins b1, b2 and d, while saikosaponins a and c were inhibitory. A mixture of saikosaponins a, c and d, of which ratio was adjusted to the same as in the crude saikosaponin fraction having anti-inflammatory effects (3:2:2, by weight), stimulated prostaglandin F2 production reflecting strong stimulatory activity of saikosaponin d. Saikosaponin a, while inhibitory to the production of prostaglandin £2, stimulated (3H)arachidonic acid release from pre-labeled macrophages and caused generation of a SRS-like substance in addition to the production of an unidentified substance capable of contracting isolated guinea-pig ileum in much more slow rate than synthetic leukotriene C4 or D4. Mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory action of saikosaponins are discussed.

Genus Bupleurum: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology and modes of action

“…[79] Ten years later, another study measured the possible effects of isolated saponins on PGE2 production in rat peritoneal macrophages. [84] Interestingly, saikosaponins B1, B2 and D increased the production of the inflammatory mediator, while saikosaponins A and C were inhibitory. The maximal increase was observed with 10 mg/ml ssD, and the maximal inhibition after 8 h pre-incubation with 100 mg/ml ssA.…”

“…It is usually difficult to separate the inflammatory process from the immune response; drugs with immunomodulatory [75,76] Alcoholic extract (-) Helicobacter pylori activity [77] Saikosaponin C (-) Hepatitis B replication [75] B. falcatum Acidic polysaccharide fraction (-) Gastric lesions [78] Saikosaponin mixture (-) Acute and chronic inflammation [79] Bupleuran 2IIc (-) Gastric lesions [80][81][82] (+) Gastric mucosa regeneration Saikosaponin A (+) B cells [83][84][85][86][87][88] (-) T cells (-) PGE2 (-) sGOT and sGPT levels (-) Lipid peroxidation (-) Asthmatic bronchoconstriction Saikosaponin D (+) Macrophage phagocytosis [75,[84][85][86][87][92][93][94] (-) T cells (+) Acid phosphatase (+) IL-2/IL-4 production (-) NF-kB (-) IL-6, TNF-a, IFN-g (+) PGE2 production (-) sGOT, sGPT and TGF-b1 levels (-) Lipid peroxidation Cytotoxic against HepG2 cell line (-) Measles and herpes viruses Saikosaponin B1…”

“…(+) PGE2 production [84,92] Saikosaponin B2 (+) PGE2 production [73,84,92] (-) Human coronavirus (HCoV) replication Saikogenin D (-) PGE2 production [95] B. fruticescens Butanol extract (-) Acute inflammation [96] Methanol extract (-) 5-LOX, COX-1 [97] Essential oil (-) Acute inflammation [17] Fruticesaponin B (-) Acute inflammation [96] B. fruticosum Petroleum ether extract (-) IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a, PGE2 [98] Essential oil (-) Acute and chronic inflammation [18,99] Oxytocin antagonism Antifungal Saikosaponin fraction Hepatoprotective against DMN [100] Morinin L (-) IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-a, NF-kB [101] Buddlejasaponin IV Hepatoprotective against DMN [100] B. gibraltaricum Methanol extract (-) Acute inflammation [102] Essential oil (-) Acute and chronic inflammation [16,19] Oxytocin antagonism Antibacterial, antifungal Saikosaponin I (-) Acute inflammation [102] B. kaoi Saponin-rich fraction Hepatoprotective against CCL4 [103][104][105][106] (-) sGOT, sGPT, AST and ALT levels (+) IFN-g level Cytotoxic against A549 cell line Water extract (+) IFN-g and GSH levels [66,105] (-) Coxsackie B1 replication Polysaccharide-rich fraction (-) sGOT and sGPT levels [105] (+) IFN-g and GSH levels…”

Saiko-ka-Ryukotsu-Borei-To Inhibits Intimal Thickening in Carotid Artery after Balloon Endothelial Denudation in Cholesterol-fed Rats.

“…20) Therefore, antiinflammatory crude drugs such as Bupleuri Radix 21) and Scutellariae Radix 22) contained in SRB may contribute to the suppression of intimal thickening. The antiinflammatory action of SRB appears to differ from the pharmacological properties of SV.…”

The Effects of Saikosaponin-d on Yeast Phagocytosis and Degradation in Peritoneal Macrophages: Related Increase in Fc Receptor Expression and Altered Cytoplasmic Organization.

“…Saikosaponins extracted from the roots of Bupleurum falcatum L. as biological active components have an anti-inflammatory action (2,3), an inhibitory effect on chronic hepatitis (4), an antinephritic effect (5) and immuno potentiating action. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that saikosaponins modify the immune responses of T and B-cells (6) and activate immunological functions of macro phages (7,8 …”