Pharmacological evaluation for anticancer and immune activities of a novel polysaccharide isolated from Boletus speciosus Frost

Abstract

The fungal polysaccharides have been revealed to exhibit a variety of biological activities, including antitumor, immune-stimulation and antioxidation activities. In the present study, the immune and anticancer activities of a novel polysaccharide, BSF-A, isolated from Boletus speciosus Frost was investigated. The inhibitory rate of S180 tumors in mice treated with 40 mg/kg BSF-A reached 62.449%, which was the highest rate from the three doses administered; this may be comparable to mannatide. The antitumor activity of BSF-A is commonly considered to be a consequence of the stimulation of the cell-mediated immune response, as it may significantly promote the macrophage cells in the dose range of 100-400 µg/ml in vitro. The levels of the cytokines, IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α, and nitric oxide, induced by BSF-A treatment at varying concentrations in the macrophage cells were similar to the levels in the cells treated with lipopolysaccharide. There was weak expression of the TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA in the untreated macrophages, but this increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner in the BSF-A-treated cells. BSF-A also had a time- and dose-dependent effect on the growth inhibition of the Hep-2 cells, with the concentration of 400 µg/ml having the highest inhibitory rate. A quantitative PCR array analysis of the gene expression profiles indicated that BSF-A had anticancer activities that affected cell apoptosis in the Hep-2 cells. The results obtained in the present study indicated that the purified polysaccharide of Boletus speciosus Frost is a potential source of natural anticancer substances.

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“…Anticancer activity of Boletus species was reported in literature review, however, its activity via immunmodulation and cell cycle arrest. [37,38] Thus, there may conclude that BD and BM had no cytotoxic effect with cancer cell lines and normal cells, which are safe when concerning for consumers. In case of antiviral activity, only BM was inhibited HSV-1 (IC 50 = 41.67 µg/ml).…”

“…GFP expressing Mycobacterium tuberculosis H 37 Ra strain (H 37 Ra gfp) culture was developed by Changsen et al [35] and Collins et al [36] H 37 Ra gfp was cultured on plate 7H10 agar consisting of kanamycin 30 μg/ml. The incubation at 37°C was 4 weeks long.…”

Cyclocarya paliurus Polysaccharide Inhibits Glioma Cell U251 Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Promotes Apoptosis via the GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

“…The polysaccharide is the main active ingredient of Cyclocarya paliurus [14]. Polysaccharides, as natural biological macromolecules, have a variety of biological activities and are closely related to the maintenance of biological processes, for example, fungi and Ganoderma, which have inhibitory effects on tumor cells [17,18]. There are few studies on the antitumor effect of CPP.…”

Bioactive Phytochemical Constituents of Wild Edible Mushrooms from Southeast Asia

“…In addition to a strong antioxidant activity [72], this polysaccharide with a unique structure activates the secretion of cytokines from immune cells and inhibits the growth of Hep-2 cells. The concentration of 400 µg/mL has the highest inhibitory rate [73,74]. A new water-soluble polysaccharide, having a backbone of 1,4-linked β-d-glucose, with branches mainly composed of two 1,6-linked α-d-galactose residues and bearing a 4-linked β-d-glucose unit at the end of the branches, has been reported to exhibit unique antitumor and immunoregulatory properties [75].…”

“…Moreover, ganbajunins A-C (105-107) and 3-O-methylatromentin possessed potent lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, SOD activity in rat liver homogenate, and DPPH radical scavenging activity [261,267,268]. [73][74][75], Hemagglutinin [76] Polysaccharide (immunoregulatory activity [73][74][75]). Hemagglutinin (HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity [76])…”