Pharmacological Effects of Resveratrol in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Literature Review

Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a high incidence disease of musculoskeletal system that often leads to stenosis, instability, pain and even deformity of the spinal segments. IDD is an important cause of discogenic lower back pain and often leads to large economic burden to families and society. Currently, the treatment of IDD is aimed at alleviating symptoms rather than blocking or reversing pathological progression of the damaged intervertebral disc. Resveratrol (RSV) is a polyphenol phytoalexin first extracted from the Veratrum grandiflflorum O. Loes and can be found in various plants and red wine. Owing to the in-depth study of pharmacological mechanisms, the therapeutic potential of RSV in various diseases such as osteoarthritis, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes have attracted the attention of many researchers. RSV has anti-apoptotic, anti-senescent, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anabolic activities, which can prevent further degeneration of intervertebral disc cells and enhance their regeneration. With high safety and various biological functions, RSV might be a promising candidate for the treatment of IDD. This review summarizes the biological functions of RSV in the treatment of IDD and to facilitate further research.

Machine learning algorithm predicts fibrosis-related blood diagnosis markers of intervertebral disc degeneration

“…It was also found that NRF1 induces autophagy and inhibits apoptotic responses by promoting Atg7 expression in compressed NP cells, delaying disc degeneration [73]. Phosphorylation of STAT3 accelerates NP apoptosis and intervertebral disc degeneration by degrading ECM [74].…”

Plant-Derived Senotherapeutics for the Prevention and Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration and Aging

“…The naturally occurring nonflavonoid polyphenol resveratrol (3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) ( Figure 1 ) is a phytoalexin, produced as a stress response in plants for their protection against fungal infections [ 240 , 241 ]. It can be isolated from the roots of the herbaceous perennial plant Polygonum cuspidatum of the knotweed and buckwheat family Polygonaceae, but its presence has also been documented in trees (i.e., eucalyptus and spruce), in flowering plants (i.e., the lily species Veratrum grandiflorum and Veratrum formosanum ), in peanuts and groundnuts and in grapevines, grapes and red wine [ 242 , 243 , 244 ]. In nature, resveratrol can be found in cis- and trans-isomers, with the latter forms being the more biologically active due to the lower steric hindrance of their side chains [ 244 ].…”

“…It can be isolated from the roots of the herbaceous perennial plant Polygonum cuspidatum of the knotweed and buckwheat family Polygonaceae, but its presence has also been documented in trees (i.e., eucalyptus and spruce), in flowering plants (i.e., the lily species Veratrum grandiflorum and Veratrum formosanum ), in peanuts and groundnuts and in grapevines, grapes and red wine [ 242 , 243 , 244 ]. In nature, resveratrol can be found in cis- and trans-isomers, with the latter forms being the more biologically active due to the lower steric hindrance of their side chains [ 244 ]. Resveratrol’s health benefits have long been recognized because numerous studies have shown its protective effects against various diseases, such as cancer, ischemic disease, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and OA [ 240 , 242 , 244 ], as well as its ability to increase lower organisms’ lifespan and to generally improve the health of mammals [ 245 ].…”

“…In nature, resveratrol can be found in cis- and trans-isomers, with the latter forms being the more biologically active due to the lower steric hindrance of their side chains [ 244 ]. Resveratrol’s health benefits have long been recognized because numerous studies have shown its protective effects against various diseases, such as cancer, ischemic disease, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and OA [ 240 , 242 , 244 ], as well as its ability to increase lower organisms’ lifespan and to generally improve the health of mammals [ 245 ]. The wide protective effect of resveratrol on different cell types is mediated by several signaling pathways and molecules, including NF-κB, MAPK, COX-2, AMPK and p53, that regulate its anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-cancer and cartilage-protective properties [ 246 , 247 ].…”

Exploration in the Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg5 for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking

“…Natural products extracted from medicinal plants have garnered growing attention because of their biological and clinical therapeutic effects with fewer side effects. [6][7][8] Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer is one of the most widely used herbal medicines in East Asia.…”