Pharmacological and pharmacognostical valuation of Canna indica leaves extract by quantifying safety profile and neuroprotective potential

Abstract

The current study primarily focused on the pharmacognostical and phytochemical screening of Canna indica and further analyzing the leaves extract for toxicological profile and neuroprotective potential. The microscopic, dry powder properties of the leaf material and phytochemical, physicochemical analysis was evaluated for pharmacognostical assessment. Dry leaves of C. indica were extracted using methanol and then further studied for both in vitro and in vivo toxicological study. The acute toxicity was measured by estimating the antioxidant defense system and anatomical impairment in the rat's organs. Also, the neuroprotective activity of the plant extract was assessed using anticholinesterase enzymatic inhibitory assay. The extract was found to be hemocompatible and showed absences of induction of behavioural changes. Likewise, no changes were seen on the anatomical structure of the rat’s organs. The methanolic extract portrayed a significant upsurge in the reduced glutathione level and showed a comparable acetylcholinesterase inhibition in a dosedependent manner with an IC50 value of 14.53 μg/mL compared to the standard Donepezil with an IC50 value of 13.31 μg/mL. C. indica has compelling pharmacognostical characteristics, good safety reports, and significant antioxidant as well as the neuroprotective potential that shows great potential for its further in-depth research for pharmacological use.

Molecular interplay between phytoconstituents of Ficus Racemosa and neurodegenerative diseases

“…Phytoconstituents derived from F. racemosa encompass a range of polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic acids (Ayaz et al, 2019; Yadav et al, 2015). Polyphenolic compounds have emerged as potent bioactive agents with the potential to revolutionize NDs therapeutics and represent a critical avenue of research due to their profound potential (Chigurupati et al, 2021; Sharma et al, 2023; Ticinesi et al, 2022). The primary focus of scientific reports has centred on elucidating the pivotal role of polyphenols in mitigating NDs pathologies, notably the aggregation of Aβ peptides and the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein (Lakey‐Beitia et al, 2021; Yang et al, 2021).…”

“…These signalling pathways are promising candidates for intervention to mitigate neuroinflammation (Festjens et al, 2006). Extensive scientific literature substantiates the potent anti‐inflammatory properties of polyphenols, which effectively impede various inflammatory transducers, pointing towards their significant impact on mitigating neuroinflammation‐associated neurodegeneration (Chigurupati et al, 2021; Sharma et al, 2023). This evidence endorses the importance of F. racemosa (a rich polyphenol source) to emerge as a potential modulator of these inflammatory pathways (Ahmed & Urooj, 2010).…”

Memory enhancing potential of Euphorbia prostrata through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti acetylcholinesterase effect against Scopolamine -induced Alzheimer’s disease in Wistar albino rats

“…http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/jrp.394 J Res Pharm 2023; 27(3): 1004-1014 1005 include rivastigmine, tacrine, donepezil, and metrifonate, but these also show several adverse effects [7,10]. Furthermore, herbal drugs have shown promising results in managing the prognosis of numerous fatal diseases.…”

“…Although the etiology of the disease is poorly understood, age, head injuries, hypertension, depression, and vascular deficits are the most common risk factors associated with the disease [6]. Conversely, there have been many therapeutic strategies suggested that include several combination therapies and monotherapies, but all this fail to effectively combat the malignancy [2,[7][8][9]. Numerous pro cholinergic agents have been employed for the treatment, some of them…”