Pharmacologic Characteristics of Corticosteroids

Samuel, Sophie; Nguyễn, Thủy; Choi, Hye-Sun

doi:10.18700/jnc.170035

Cited by 61 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The solid residue was recrystallized from AcOEt to give the nal compound 9 (0.49 g, 47% yield) as a white solid. 1 (10). To a boiling and stirring suspension of epoxide 9 (0.50 g, 1.04 mmol) in anhydrous THF (13.0 mL), a solution of Bu 3 SnH (0.36 mL, 1.25 mmol) and AIBN (catalytic amount, 33.3 mg, 0.21 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added dropwise under nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epoxide 10 (40% yield) was also obtained from compound 8 by epoxidation reaction using the same procedure reported for 9. Data for 10: white solid, 1 1H). 13 (13).…”

Section: Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solid residue was recrystallized from Et 2 O to give the nal compound 17 (0.29 g, 96% yield) as a white solid. 1 .37 (bs, 1H). 13…”

Section: Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mineralocorticoids (MCs) and glucocorticoids (GCs) belong to the group of corticosteroids (hormones with 21 carbon atoms) and are basically classied based on their preferential biological activity, depending on their involvement in the balancing of uids and electrolytes or in the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, respectively. 1 The immunosuppressive and anti-inammatory properties of GCs, mainly due to inhibition of specic leucocyte functions, are well-established. 2 The rst efforts in this eld led to the synthesis of novel corticosteroids such as prednisolone (1, Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NaHCO 3 was added and the mixture extracted with EtOAc; the organic layer was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure. The solid residue was recrystallized from Et 2 O to give the nal compound 13 (0.36 g, 59% yield) as a white solid 1. H NMR (500 MHz): d 1.01-1.12 (m, 2H), 1.15-1.27 (m, 2H), 1.31 (s, 3H), 1.33 (t, J ¼ 7.1, 3H), 1.40-1.44 (m, 1H), 1.47 (s, 3H), 1.68 (dd, J ¼ 3.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Expeditious synthesis and preliminary antimicrobial activity of deflazacort and its precursors

et al. 2019

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Section: Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epoxide 10 (40% yield) was also obtained from compound 8 by epoxidation reaction using the same procedure reported for 9. Data for 10: white solid, 1 1H). 13 (13).…”

Section: Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solid residue was recrystallized from Et 2 O to give the nal compound 17 (0.29 g, 96% yield) as a white solid. 1 .37 (bs, 1H). 13…”

Section: Chemical Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expeditious synthesis and preliminary antimicrobial activity of deflazacort and its precursors

et al. 2019

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Exploring the role of antibiotics and steroids in managing respiratory diseases

Chellappan

Prasher

Shukla

et al. 2022

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Respiratory diseases (RDs), such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, asthma, and pneumonia, are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment usually consists of antibiotics and steroids. Relevant published literature reviews, studies, and clinical trials were accessed from institutional and electronic databases. The keywords used were respiratory diseases, steroids, antibiotics, and combination of steroids and antibiotics. Selected articles and literature were carefully reviewed. Antibiotics are often prescribed as the standard therapy to manage RDs. Types of causative respiratory pathogens, spectrum of antibiotics activity, route of administration, and course of therapy determine the type of antibiotics that are prescribed. Despite being associated with good clinical outcome, treatment failure and recurrence rate are still high. In addition, antibiotic resistance has been widely reported due to bacterial mutations in response to the use of antibiotics, which render them ineffective. Nevertheless, there has been a growing demand for corticosteroids (CS) and antibiotics to treat a wide variety of diseases, including various airway diseases, due to their immunosuppressive and anti‐inflammatory properties. The use of CS is well established and there are different formulations based on the diseases, such as topical administration, tablets, intravenous injections, and inhaled preparations. Both antibiotics and CS possess similar properties in terms of their anti‐inflammatory effects, especially regulating cytokine release. Thus, the current review examines and discusses the different applications of antibiotics, CS, and their combination in managing various RDs. Drawbacks of these interventions are also discussed.

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A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction

Pendolino

Ottaviano

Nijim

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Background No definitive treatment exists to effectively restore function in patients with persistent post‐infectious olfactory dysfunction (OD). Corticosteroids have been considered as a therapeutic option in post‐infectious OD but their benefit in COVID‐19‐related OD remains unexplored. We aim to determine the role of the combination of corticosteroids plus olfactory training (OT) in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related OD. Methods A multicenter real‐life cohort study was conducted between December 2020 and April 2022 on patients with reported COVID‐19‐related OD. Only patients with confirmed OD at Sniffin' Sticks (S'S) and those who attended their 6‐month follow‐up were included. Patients were started on a combined treatment of corticosteroids and OT. Patients refusing corticosteroids or not doing any treatment formed the control groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) for sense of smell and SNOT‐22 were used to assess patients reported symptoms. Results Sixty‐seven subjects with reported COVID‐19‐related OD were initially seen. Normosmic patients at S'S ( n = 14) and those not attending their follow‐up ( n = 9) were excluded. Of the 44 patients included in the analysis, 19 patients had the combined treatment (group A), 16 patients refused to take corticosteroids and did the OT alone (group B) whereas 9 patients did not do any treatment (group C). An improvement of threshold + discrimination + identification (TDI) score ( p = .01) and VAS for smell ( p = .01) was found in group A whereas only the TDI score improved in group B ( p = .04). Presence of comorbidities, age, sex (male), and length of OD negatively influenced olfactory recovery. Conclusions Our study confirms the importance of OT in long‐term OD suggesting that the addition of corticosteroids may give a benefit in terms of patient's perceived olfaction. Level of Evidence 2b

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Pharmacologic Characteristics of Corticosteroids

Cited by 61 publications

References 30 publications

Expeditious synthesis and preliminary antimicrobial activity of deflazacort and its precursors

Expeditious synthesis and preliminary antimicrobial activity of deflazacort and its precursors

Exploring the role of antibiotics and steroids in managing respiratory diseases

A multicenter real‐life study to determine the efficacy of corticosteroids and olfactory training in improving persistent COVID‐19‐related olfactory dysfunction

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