Pharmacologic Agents for Tobacco Dependence Treatment: 2011 Update

Hays, J. Taylor; McFadden, David D.; Ebbert, Jon O.

doi:10.1007/s11883-011-0211-2

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Cigarette smoking is the foremost preventable cause of mortality worldwide, with an estimated 8–10 million deaths occurring per year by 203037. Moreover, over one-half of all persistent smokers will die from a tobacco-related disorder, 80% of which is attributable to one of three diseases: cardiovascular disease (CVD), lung cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)3839.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent regulation of pulmonary miRNA by chronic cigarette smoke exposure

Rogers

Souza

Zago

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor historically known for its toxic responses to man-made pollutants such as dioxin. More recently, the AhR has emerged as a suppressor of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis from cigarette smoke by mechanisms that may involve the regulation of microRNA. However, little is known about the AhR regulation of miRNA expression in the lung in response to inhaled toxicants. Therefore, we exposed Ahr−/− and Ahr+/− mice to cigarette smoke for 4 weeks and evaluated lung miRNA expression by PCR array. There was a dramatic regulation of lung miRNA by the AhR in the absence of exogenous ligand. In response to cigarette smoke, there were more up-regulated miRNA in Ahr−/− mice compared to Ahr+/− mice, including the cancer-associated miRNA miR-96. There was no significant change in the expression of the AhR regulated proteins HuR and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). There were significant increases in the anti-oxidant gene sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1) and FOXO3a- predicted targets of miR-96. Collectively, these data support a prominent role for the AhR in regulating lung miRNA expression. Further studies to elucidate a role for these miRNA may further uncover novel biological function for the AhR in respiratory health and disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent regulation of pulmonary miRNA by chronic cigarette smoke exposure

Rogers

Souza

Zago

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Five nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for tobacco dependence treatment: nicotine gum, nicotine lozenge, nicotine nasal spray, nicotine inhaler, and the transdermal nicotine patch [ 38 ]. The nicotine inhaler and nasal spray are prescription drugs in the U.S., whereas the nicotine gum, lozenge and patch are available over the counter.…”

Section: Pharmacologic Treatment Of Cigarette (Tobacco) Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NRT is generally well tolerated with mild adverse effects. The three most commonly reported adverse effects of NRT in observational studies were headache, nausea and vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms [ 38 , 42 ]. Adverse effects of NRT are generally formulation specific, depending on the delivery system used [ 38 , 42 ].…”

Section: Pharmacologic Treatment Of Cigarette (Tobacco) Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three most commonly reported adverse effects of NRT in observational studies were headache, nausea and vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms [ 38 , 42 ]. Adverse effects of NRT are generally formulation specific, depending on the delivery system used [ 38 , 42 ]. NRT must be used with caution in patients with known cardiovascular conditions, but have generally found to be safe in patients with these conditions [ 38 , 42 ].…”

Section: Pharmacologic Treatment Of Cigarette (Tobacco) Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adverse effects of NRT are generally formulation specific, depending on the delivery system used [ 38 , 42 ]. NRT must be used with caution in patients with known cardiovascular conditions, but have generally found to be safe in patients with these conditions [ 38 , 42 ]. All products are pregnancy category D with the exception of the nicotine gum (category C), although the benefit of replacement therapy may outweigh the risks [ 37 , 43 ].…”

Section: Pharmacologic Treatment Of Cigarette (Tobacco) Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Effects of Cigarette Smoking: Epidemiologic Impact and Review of Pharmacotherapy Options

Onor

Stirling

Williams

et al. 2017

IJERPH

122

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Cigarette smoking—a crucial modifiable risk factor for organ system diseases and cancer—remains prevalent in the United States and globally. In this literature review, we aim to summarize the epidemiology of cigarette smoking and tobacco use in the United States, pharmacology of nicotine—the active constituent of tobacco, and health consequence of cigarette smoking. This article also reviews behavioral and pharmacologic interventions for cigarette smokers and provides cost estimates for approved pharmacologic interventions in the United States. A literature search was conducted on Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, ClinicalKey, and PubMed databases using the following headings in combination or separately: cigarette smoking, tobacco smoking, epidemiology in the United States, health consequences of cigarette smoking, pharmacologic therapy for cigarette smoking, and non-pharmacologic therapy for cigarette smoking. This review found that efficacious non-pharmacologic interventions and pharmacologic therapy are available for cessation of cigarette smoking. Given the availability of efficacious interventions for cigarette smoking cessation, concerted efforts should be made by healthcare providers and public health professionals to promote smoking cessation as a valuable approach for reducing non-smokers’ exposure to environmental tobacco smoke.

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