Pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin in patients with renal impairment

Fillastre, J P; Montay, G.; Bruno, René; Étienne, Isabelle; Dhib, M; Vivier, Nicole; Roux, Y. Le; Guimart, C.; Schott, D.

doi:10.1128/aac.38.4.733

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These include fluoroquinolones that predominantly use renal elimination pathways (e.g., levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin, and clinafloxacin) and those that favor non-renal elimination pathways (e.g., sparfloxacin eliminated via glucuronide metabolism, biliary excretion, and possibly intestinal secretion) [18][19][20][21][22] . Our results are similar to those reported for moxifloxacin in that no dosage adjustment is indicated in subjects with renal impairment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garenoxacin pharmacokinetics in subjects with renal impairment

Krishna¹,

Gajjar

Swan

et al. 2007

Current Medical Research and Opinion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Garenoxacin pharmacokinetics in subjects with renal impairment

Krishna¹,

Gajjar

Swan

et al. 2007

Current Medical Research and Opinion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…No adjustments of dosages of grepafloxacin and trovafloxacin are necessary when renal failure occurs [33]. The doses of levofloxacin and sparfloxacin should be reduced for patients with creatinine clearances !50 mL/min [3,34]. With use of sparfloxacin, the glucuronide conjugate accumulates in patients with renal failure.…”

Section: Pharmacokineticsmentioning

confidence: 98%

New Uses for New and Old Quinolones and the Challenge of Resistance

Hooper¹

2000

Clinical Infectious Diseases

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More than a decade ago ciprofloxacin, the first quinolone with broad indications, was released for clinical use in the United States. The release of ofloxacin, which also had broad applications, followed not long thereafter. Since that time there has been extensive use of these 2 agents and more limited use of other quinolones, such as norfloxacin, enoxacin, and lomefloxacin, which were limited to treatment of infections of the genitourinary tract. Applications of these quinolones largely employed their potent activities against gram-negative bacteria [1,2].This article focuses on information developed in the past 4 years on the 4 most recently released quinolones-levofloxacin, sparfloxacin, grepafloxacin, and trovafloxacin [3-8]-and their spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and clinical applications. It also focuses on new applications of the older quinolones. Issues of quinolone resistance related to expanding uses of quinolones will also be discussed. Spectrum of ActivityThe newer fluoroquinolones have retained much of the activity of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against enteric gramnegative bacteria, but none is more potent than ciprofloxacin against these pathogens or against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Levofloxacin is the active stereoisomer of the racemic mixture of the 2 stereoisomers that make up ofloxacin and thus is generally 2-fold more potent than ofloxacin [3]. Trovafloxacin [9] and, to a lesser extent, levofloxacin generally have gram-negative coverage similar to that of ciprofloxacin, but both may be less active against some strains of P. aeruginosa.There may also be gaps in trovafloxacin's coverage of some strains of Providencia species, Proteus species, and Serratia marcescens. There are also gaps in the gram-negative coverage of sparfloxacin and grepafloxacin. Sparfloxacin [10,11] has only limited potency against P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, Citrobacter freundii, and Proteus vulgaris; and grepafloxacin [12] lacks sufficient activity against P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, Providencia stuartii, and Acinetobacter baumanii among gram-negative bacteria.Like ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, the newer agents have excellent potency against genital pathogens, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma hominis. Their clinical efficacy in the treatment of genital chlamydial infections may differ, however, as discussed below.Against respiratory pathogens, all of the newer quinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, are highly potent against Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. However, these agents exhibit greater potency than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae, with MIC 90 values of 1-2 mg/mL for levofloxacin [13], 0.25-0.5 mg/mL for sparfloxacin [14] and grepafloxacin [15], and 0.12-0.25 mg/mL for trovafloxacin [16]. For this reason, all have been developed for treatment of respiratory tract infections, as discussed below. Other respiratory pathogens, such as Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneum...

show abstract

“…The half-life of lamotrigine increases to ~50 h in patients with severe renal failure. Lamotrigine is effectively cleared by hemodialysis [89]. The clearance of lamotrigine is higher in children [14,46] and markedly higher (~300%) in pregnancy [14].…”

Section: Lamotriginementioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Newer Anti-Epilepsy Medications

Krasowski

2010

Pharmaceuticals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the past twenty years, 14 new antiepileptic drugs have been approved for use in the United States and/or Europe. These drugs are eslicarbazepine acetate, felbamate, gabapentin, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, pregabalin, rufinamide, stiripentol, tiagabine, topiramate, vigabatrin and zonisamide. In general, the clinical utility of therapeutic drug monitoring has not been established in clinical trials for these new anticonvulsants, and clear guidelines for drug monitoring have yet to be defined. The antiepileptic drugs with the strongest justifications for drug monitoring are lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, stiripentol, and zonisamide. Stiripentol and tiagabine are strongly protein bound and are candidates for free drug monitoring. Therapeutic drug monitoring has lower utility for gabapentin, pregabalin, and vigabatrin. Measurement of salivary drug concentrations has potential utility for therapeutic drug monitoring of lamotrigine, levetiracetam, and topiramate. Therapeutic drug monitoring of the new antiepileptic drugs will be discussed in managing patients with epilepsy.

show abstract

Pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin in patients with renal impairment

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

Garenoxacin pharmacokinetics in subjects with renal impairment

Garenoxacin pharmacokinetics in subjects with renal impairment

New Uses for New and Old Quinolones and the Challenge of Resistance

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Newer Anti-Epilepsy Medications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About